Table 1.

Effect of walking speeds on the PPG and PGA

Parameter	Duration	Region	Speed									One-way	Fisher’s LSD
												ANOVA	Post hoc
			1.8 mph (Mean ± SE)			3.6 mph (Mean ± SE)			5.4 mph (Mean ± SE)			p-value	1.8 mph Vs 3.6 mph		1.8 mph Vs 5.4 mph		3.6 mph vs 5.4 mph
PPG	10 min	T1	53.0	±	9.6	77.6	±	11.6	98.7	±	19.4	0.088	0.227		0.029	*	0.298
(kPa/mm)		M1	59.6	±	10.2	73.9	±	14.0	90.3	±	15.5	0.284	0.456		0.116		0.395
		M2	64.7	±	9.8	70.7	±	11.7	79.8	±	15.7	0.699	0.740		0.404		0.613
		HL	33.9	±	4.7	42.6	±	5.9	37.4	±	5.4	0.522	0.260		0.646		0.501
	20 min	T1	57.4	±	10.4	79.8	±	15.2	102.4	±	16.0	0.093	0.270		0.031	*	0.265
		M1	63.5	±	11.4	93.2	±	19.1	90.7	±	12.2	0.294	0.160		0.196		0.907
		M2	67.0	±	7.7	81.8	±	16.4	103.7	±	17.0	0.206	0.469		0.079		0.289
		HL	37.5	±	4.4	67.8	±	15.1	46.7	±	8.6	0.120	0.046	*	0.531		0.158
PGA	10 min	T1	27.0	±	9.2	16.4	±	2.6	19.8	±	11.4	0.677	0.391		0.557		0.784
(degree)		M1	60.0	±	15.0	32.3	±	7.3	32.4	±	10.7	0.158	0.096		0.097		0.996
		M2	49.3	±	15.2	31.8	±	10.4	29.6	±	5.8	0.403	0.275		0.221		0.892
		HL	28.1	±	7.0	24.6	±	2.5	19.3	±	2.8	0.409	0.593		0.187		0.425
	20 min	T1	39.8	±	17.9	27.8	±	10.5	41.5	±	19.4	0.815	0.610		0.941		0.560
		M1	59.2	±	15.5	26.8	±	8.1	26.1	±	8.4	0.073	0.050	*	0.045	*	0.963
		M2	69.0	±	26.2	21.7	±	7.2	27.9	±	5.5	0.091	0.044	*	0.078		0.784
		HL	17.7	±	2.3	36.2	±	14.2	28.6	±	7.4	0.384	0.172		0.416		0.570

PPG Peak pressure gradient, PGA Pressure gradient angle, T1 First toe, M1 First metatarsal head, M2 Second metatarsal head, and HL Heel; Data are shown as mean ± standard errors

^*, a significant difference (p < 0.05)