TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics by HCC status in the SCHS HFC‐PRS population (n = 24,333)
| Characteristics | HCC cases | Non‐cases | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 208 | 24,125 | |
| Age, years, median (25th, 75th percentiles) | 59 (54, 64) | 54 (49, 61) | <0.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 62 (30%) | 13,225 (55%) | <0.001 |
| Cantonese dialect, n (%) | 81 (39%) | 11,890 (49%) | 0.004 |
| Education, secondary school or higher, n (%) | 62 (30%) | 8069 (33%) | 0.299 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (25th, 75th percentiles) | 23.5 (22.5, 26.3) | 23.1 (21.1, 24.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status a (%) | |||
| Never smoker | 120 (58%) | 17,152 (71%) | <0.001 |
| Light smoker | 71 (34%) | 6102 (25%) | |
| Heavy smoker | 17 (8%) | 871 (4%) | |
| One or more alcoholic drinks per day, n (%) | 11 (5.2%) | 1114 (4.6%) | 0.770 |
| Heavy drinkers b , n (%) | 5 (2.4%) | 367 (1.5%) | 0.454 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 36 (17%) | 1848 (8%) | <0.001 |
Note: Chi‐square test was used for categorical variables; Wilcoxon two‐sample test was used for continuous variables.
a
Cigarette smoking: The “heavy” smokers were those who began smoking before 15 years of age and smoked 13 or more cigarettes; all remaining ever smokers were defined as light smokers.
b
Heavy drinkers were defined as those who consumed ≥15 drinks/week for men and ≥8 drinks/week for women, following definitions from the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/pdfs/excessive_alcohol_use.pdf).