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. 2022 Aug 16;13:946905. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.946905

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Copyright © 2022 Kabil, Shin, Hughes and McNagny

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A binary matrix of ILC signature genes in the intestinal lamina propria (red = expressed, blue = not expressed). Common genes that distinguish ILC subsets in the intestinal lamina propria based on ScRNA-seq reports (36, 60, 103, 104). Id2 and Il7r are core ILC genes. ILC1s/ex-ILC3s express Tbx21, Ifng, Il12rb2, Ccl5, Gzmc. ILC2s express high levels of Gata3, Il17rb, Areg, Il5, and Il13. ILC3s express Rorc, Il1r1, and Il23r (ILC3 program), which makes these cells exquisitely sensitive to stimulation with IL-23 and thus produce high levels of IL-22 on a per cell basis.