Table 2.
Selected behavioral and risk characteristics and associations with HIV-1 infection and syphilis among pregnant women in Salvador, Brazil, 2008/2009.
| Variables | All pregnant women | HIV (+) women | HIV (−) women | Odds ratio | p-Value | Syphilis (+) women | Syphilis (−) women | Odds ratio | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 3300) | (n = 28) | (n = 3272) | (CI 95%) | (n = 17) | (n = 3283) | (CI 95%) | |||
| Sexual partner | |||||||||
| Single | 1305 (39.5%) |
7 (25.0%) |
1298 (39.6%) |
0.51 (0.20–1.26) |
0.16 | 4 (23.5%) |
1301 (39.6%) |
0.47 (0.13–1.54) |
0.26 |
| Multiple | 1995 (60.5%) |
21 (75.0%) |
1974 (60.3%) |
13 (76.5%) |
1982 (60.4%) |
||||
| HIV+ | 7 (0.2%) |
5 (17.8%) |
2 (0.06%) |
3.77 (0.91–15.56) |
<0.001 | 0 (0.0%) |
7 (0.2%) |
0.00 (0.00–165.94) |
1.00 |
| IVDU | 66 (0.2%) |
2 (7.1%) |
64 (1.9%) |
3.77 (0.91–15.56) |
0.1 | 2 (11.8%) |
64 (1.9%) |
6.71 (1.52–28.00) |
0.04 |
| Previous STI | 57 (1.7%) |
5 (17.8%) |
52 (1.6%) |
13.46 (4.30–39.28) |
<0.0001 | 6 (35.3%) |
9 (0.3%) |
198.42 (51.96–760.72) |
<0.001 |
| Parenteral exposure | |||||||||
| Blood transfusion | 100 (3.0%) |
4 (14.2%) |
96 (3.0%) |
5.51 (1.59–17.17) |
0 | 3 (17.6%) |
97 (3.0%) |
6.15 (1.40–22.90) |
0.01 |
| Accidental exposure to blood | 38 (1.2%) |
3 (10.7%) |
35 (1.0%) |
11.1 (2.54–41.1) |
0 | 1 (5.9%) |
37 (1.1%) |
5.48 (0.73–39.44) |
0.17 |
| IVDU | 9 (0.3%) |
0 (0.0%) |
9 (0.3%) |
0.00 (0.00–72.81) |
1.00 | 0 (0.0%) |
9 (0.3%) |
0.00 (0.00–124.59) |
1.00 |