Table 1.
Clinical demographic and laboratory characteristics according to sarcopenic visceral obesity
| Overall n=116 |
Non-sarcopenic visceral obesity n=93 |
Sarcopenic visceral obesity n=23 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53 (46–58) | 53 (46–58) | 54 (42–58) | 0.87 |
| Sex (male) | 76 (66) | 58 (62) | 18 (78) | 0.15 |
| Race | 0.86 | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 80 (69) | 62 (67) | 18 (79) | |
| Hispanic white | 16 (14) | 14 (15) | 2 (9) | |
| Asian | 7 (6) | 6 (6) | 1 (4) | |
| Black | 5 (4) | 4 (4) | 1 (4) | |
| Other | 8 (7) | 7 (8) | 1 (4) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.5 (23.6–32.9) | 27.6 (23.5–33.0) | 27.4 (23.9–32.7) | 0.64 |
| Weight (kg) | 79.7 (69.1–95.1) | 79.3 (69.0–95.0) | 85.1 (69.2–99.1) | 0.63 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Hepatitis C infection | 35 (31) | 27 (29) | 8 (35) | 0.59 |
| Hepatitis B infection | 11 (9) | 10 (11) | 1 (4) | 0.35 |
| Alcohol | 31 (27) | 27 (29) | 4 (17) | 0.26 |
| NAFLD/NASH | 12 (10) | 10 (11) | 2 (9) | 0.77 |
| AIH/PBC/PSC | 16 (14) | 13 (14) | 3 (13) | 0.91 |
| Other | 11 (9) | 6 (6) | 5 (22) | 0.03 |
| Hypertension | 33 (28) | 25 (27) | 8 (35) | 0.45 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21 (18) | 15 (16) | 6 (26) | 0.28 |
| Coronary artery disease | 5 (4) | 2 (2) | 3 (14) | 0.02 |
| Ascites | 0.23 | |||
| None | 23 (20) | 21 (23) | 2 (9) | |
| Mild/Moderate | 50 (43) | 37 (40) | 13 (57) | |
| Severe/refractory | 42 (37) | 34 (37) | 8 (35) | |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 0.11 | |||
| None | 42 (37) | 36 (39) | 6 (26) | |
| Altered mood/confusion | 43 (37) | 30 (33) | 13 (57) | |
| Marked confusion | 30 (26) | 26 (28) | 4 (18) | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 15 (13) | 11 (12) | 4 (17) | 0.48 |
| MELD | ||||
| Admission | 30 (21–37) | 30 (22–37) | 29 (19–39) | 0.58 |
| Transplant | 32 (25–37) | 31 (25–37) | 32 (29–36) | 0.52 |
| MELD-Na | ||||
| Admission | 33 (25–39) | 33 (26–38) | 33 (25–40) | 0.92 |
| Transplant | 32 (26–37) | 32 (26–38) | 34 (30–36) | 0.45 |
| Body composition | ||||
| SMI (cm2/m2) | 47 (42–53) | 48 (44–55) | 42 (37–47) | <0.001 |
| VSR | 1.24 (0.46–2.16) | 0.76 (0.41–1.54) | 2.26 (1.73–3.13) | <0.001 |
| Simultaneous liver kidney transplant | 9 (8) | 7 (8) | 2 (9) | 0.85 |
| Follow-up duration (month) | 67 (39–132) | 72 (44–127) | 64 (4–144) | 0.44 |
Values reported in median (IQR) or number (percentage). Abbreviations: AIH/PBC/PSC, autoimmune hepatitis/primary biliary cholangitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis; MELD-Na, model for end-stage liver disease-sodium; NAFLD/NASH, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; SMI, skeletal muscle index; VSR, visceral-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio.