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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 30.
Published in final edited form as: Circulation. 2022 Jul 18;146(9):699–714. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.058017

Figure 1. Human TRDN-AS and mouse Trdn-as are exclusively expressed in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and enriched in nuclei.

Figure 1.

A-C) Expression of Trdn-as in mouse tissues (A), adult mouse heart ventricle and atria (B), CMs (AMCMs), non-CMs, and cardiac fibroblasts (ACFs) isolated from adult mouse hearts (C) by qPCR. Tissues or cells were harvested from at least 2 mice. Each filled circle represents one animal. Data are presented as mean in A or mean ± SD in B and C. D) qPCR analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs in adult mouse hearts. GAPDH and U1 snRNA are used as markers of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, respectively. N = 3 mouse hearts. E) Cellular distributions of Trdn-as in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) by smFISH. Trdn-as was overexpressed in NMCMs by adenoviral delivery with a MOI of 5. smFISH assays were performed 72 hours post-transduction. The dotted line surrounds a CM nucleus. F) Expression of TRDN-AS in healthy human hearts, hiPSC-CMs, and normal human cardiac fibroblasts (NHCFs) by qPCR. Each filled circle represents an independent induction for hiPSC-CMs or an individual human heart explant. G) qPCR analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs in hiPSC-CMs. GAPDH and U1 snRNA are used as markers of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions, respectively. N = 3 independent inductions. H) Cellular distributions of human TRDN-AS in hiPSC-CMs by FISH. TRDN-AS was over-expressed in hiPSC-CMs by adenoviral delivery with a MOI of 5. FISH was performed 48 hours post-infection. hiPSC-CMs are marked by cardiac troponin T (cTnT).