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. 2022 Jun 17;127(5):824–835. doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01865-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a, b Heatmaps of differential protein expression in A172 cells following QMR stimulation at t₀ (a) and t₂₄ (b). Red shading indicates upregulated proteins; blue shading indicates downregulated proteins. The threshold for significance was P < 0.05. c, d Volcano plots of differentially expressed proteins in QMR-stimulated vs unstimulated cells. Plots represent differential protein abundance in cells collected at 0 (c) and 24 h (d) after QMR exposure. The −log2 P value is plotted against the log2 fold change (QMR/control). The horizontal line represents the significance threshold in the logarithmic scale. e–h Networks of upregulated (e, f) and downregulated (g, h) proteins in QMR-stimulated A172 cells versus untreated cells at t₀ (e–g) and t₂₄ (f–h). Schematic views of known and predicted protein interactions according to the STRING database v. 11.0 (https://www.string-db.org). Only interactions with the medium confidence score (0.4) are shown. Each node represents a protein, and each line represents an interaction. The results derive from at least four independent experiments.