Table 1.
Patient characteristics of 244 infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis
| Overall (n = 244) | |
|---|---|
| Characteristics | |
| Age (month), median (IQR) | 3.1 (1.7–6.2) |
| Female sex | 98 (40) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 102 (42) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 57 (23) |
| Hispanic | 76 (31) |
| Other or unknown | 9 (4) |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | 34 (14) |
| C-section delivery | 84 (34) |
| Prematurity (<37 weeks) | 47 (19) |
| Mostly breastfed for the first 3 months of age | 115 (47) |
| Previous breathing problems before the index hospitalizationa | |
| 1 episode | 30 (12) |
| ≥2 episodes | 10 (4) |
| History of eczema | 31 (13) |
| Ever attended daycare | 71 (29) |
| Corticosteroid use before the index hospitalization | 18 (7) |
| Lifetime history of systemic antibiotic use | 79 (32) |
| Clinical presentation | |
| Body weight at presentation (kg), median (IQR) | 6.1 (4.6–8.0) |
| Respiratory rate at presentation (per minute), median (IQR) | 48 (40–60) |
| Oxygen saturation at presentation | |
| <90% | 18 (7) |
| 90–93% | 29 (12) |
| ≥94% | 190 (78) |
| Respiratory virus | |
| Any RSV | 222 (91) |
| Any rhinovirus | 51 (21) |
| RSV/rhinovirus coinfection | 29 (12) |
| Other coinfection pathogensb | 47 (19) |
| Clinical outcomes | |
| Positive pressure ventilation during hospitalizationc | 18 (7) |
| Intensive care use during hospitalizationd | 42 (17) |
| Hospital length of stay (day), median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) |
IQR interquartile range, RSV respiratory syncytial virus.
Data are n (%) of infants unless otherwise indicated. Percentages may not equal 100 because of rounding and missingness.
aDefined as an infant having a cough that wakes him or her at night or causes emesis, or when the child has wheezing or shortness of breath without cough.
bAdenovirus, bocavirus, Bordetella pertussis, enterovirus, human coronavirus NL63, OC43, 229E, or HKU1, human metapneumovirus, influenza A or B virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and parainfluenza virus 1–3.
cDefined as use of invasive and/or non-invasive mechanical ventilation (e.g., continuous positive airway pressure ventilation).
dDefined as use of positive pressure ventilation and/or intensive care unit admission.