Table 4.

WHO CNS5 classification of gliomas, glioneuronal and neuronal tumours

Tumour group	Types
Adult-type diffuse gliomas	- Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant - Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted - Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype
Paediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas	- Diffuse astrocytoma, MYB- or MYBL1-altered - Angiocentric glioma - Polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumour of the young - Diffuse low-grade glioma, MAPK pathway-altered
Paediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas	- Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered - Diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant - Diffuse paediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype - Infant-type hemispheric glioma
Circumscribed astrocytic gliomas	- Pilocytic astrocytoma - High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features - Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma - Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma - Chordoid glioma - Astroblastoma, MN1-altered
Glioneuronal and neuronal tumours	- Ganglioglioma - Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma/desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma - Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour - Diffuse glioneuronal tumour with oligodendroglioma-like features and nuclear clusters - Papillary glioneuronal tumour - Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumour - Myxoid glioneuronal tumour - Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour - Gangliocytoma - Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumour - Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos disease) - Central neurocytoma - Extraventricular neurocytoma - Cerebellar liponeurocytoma
Ependymomas	- Supratentorial ependymoma - Supratentorial ependymoma (ZFTA or YAP1 fusion-positive) - Posterior fossa ependymoma - Posterior fossa ependymoma (PFA or PFB group) - Pinal ependymoma - Spinal ependymoma, MYCN amplified - Myxopapillary ependymoma - Subependymoma