Table 1.
Summary and characteristics of the articles and results of the HLA-B alleles reported.
| Authors | Type of study | N | HLA-B alleles studied | Population | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Nkenfou, Nemes E, Mekue L, Grifoni A, Dambaya B, 2015)25 | Cohort | 28 = EU 34 = INF | HLA-B *44 | Cameroon | Associated with resistance to MTCT of HIV |
| (Adland et al., 2015)10 | Cohort | 47 = TR 84 = INF | HLA-B *45:01 HLA-B *18:01 HLA-B *58:02 | Kimberley, South Africa. | Viral replicative capacity was higher in children born to mothers expressing any of these alleles that increase risk of disease. |
| HLA-B *57 HLA-B *58:01 HLA-B *81:01 | A modest decrease in viral replicative capacity in children expressing these alleles. | ||||
| (Paximadis et al., 2011)39 | Cases and controls | 150 = NT 150 = EU 72 = INF 74 = TR | Homozygous for HLA-B1 | Johannesburg, South Africa | Greater representation in IP than in EU. |
| HLA-B *08:01 | Smaller representation in INF than in EU. | ||||
| HLA-B *14:02 | Greater representation in TR than in NT. | ||||
| HLA-B *42:01 | Smaller representation in TR than in NT. | ||||
| (Arnaiz-Villena et al., 2009)24 | Cases and controls | 63 = INF 57 = EU 31 = TR 36 = NT 175 = Controls | HLA-B *35 | Spain | Consistent association with allele expression and development of AIDS in children. |
| (Schneidewind et al., 2009)2 | Cohort | 13 = TR 13 = INF | HLA-B *57 | Jamaica Barbados Haiti | HLA-B expression confers a consistent benefit on viral control during childhood that is independent of parental inheritance (mothers or fathers). |
| (Thobakgale et al., 2009)11 | Cohort | 61 = TR 61 = INF 236 = NT | HLA-B *81:01 | Durban, South Africa | Slow progression of disease in INF, particularly when these protective HLA alleles were not shared with the mother. |
| HLA-B *58:01 | |||||
| HLA-B *57 | |||||
| (Winchester et al., 2004)12 | Cases and controls | 163 = NT 163 = EU 83 = INF 83 = TR | HLA-B *35:01 HLA-B *35:03 | Prospective Multicentric Cohort WITS | These alleles expression was more frequent among TR than in NT. Increased risk of transmission was found mainly among cases with low viral loads. |
| HLA-B *44:02 | Increased transmission rates among African-American and Hispanic mothers. | ||||
| HLA-B *14:02 | HLA-B*14:02 expression was associated with increased MTCT rate. | ||||
| HLA-B *13:02 | HLA-B *13:02 expression was associated with increased MTCT. | ||||
| HLA-B *50:01 | This allele expression was predominant among Hispanic mothers, and was associated with increased transmission in this ethnic group. | ||||
| HLA-B *49:01 HLA-B *53:01 | Lower risk of vertical transmission of HIV-1 in mothers with high viral loads. | ||||
| (Kuhn et al., 2004)22 | Cohort | 59 = INF 59 = TR | Homozygous for HLA-B1 | New York | Patients expressing this allele were three times more likely to develop AIDS or death in children. |
| HLA-B *27 HLA-B *57 | These alleles expression was associated with lower risk of AIDS or death when they were inherited from the father. | ||||
| (Farquhar et al., 2004)26 | Cohort | 76 = INF 357 = EU | HLA B *18 | Kenia, Nairobi | The allele expression was protective against early acquisition of HIV-1. No infants expressing the allele have acquired HIV-1 after one month of birth, suggesting that they may protect against late infection through breastfeeding. |
1, in this study, homozygotes were considered for the two HLA-B alleles equal to those of the mother.
NT, HIV (+) mothers who did not transmit HIV (+); EU, children not infected by HIV (+) from Mothers; INF, children infected with HIV (+) from mothers; TR, HIV (+) mothers who transmitted HIV (+) to their children; IP, HIV infected children (+) intrapartum.