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. 2022 Aug 30;13:5103. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32833-9

Fig. 7. D88 mitigates the morphologic alterations of the intestinal lining and attenuates intestinal inflammation.

Fig. 7

a Representative confocal image (n = 2) of distal ileum with Claudin-1 immunofluorescence staining. The experiment was repeated independently two times with similar results. Samples for confocal imaging were harvested 22 h post-burn and infection. Green fluorescence represents Claudin-1, and blue fluorescence represents the DAPI stain, the white line represents the scale bar (100 µm). b Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) in the distal ileum 22 h post-burn and infection. The total protein was isolated from the distal ileum, and the concentration of TNF-α in the sample was quantified using ELISA. c The levels of interleukin (IL-6) in the distal ileum were also quantified using ELISA. b, c Data represent at least n = 5, each dot in the bars represents data from one mouse. The error bars denote ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post-test was applied. The no-treatment group data (Burn + PA14) were compared to the vehicle-treated and the D88-treated groups. ∗, ∗∗, and ∗∗∗ indicates significant differences compared to the control at P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively. ns represents no significant difference.