TABLE 2.
Secondary outcomes of the meta-analysis (continuous variables).
| COP group | TCC group | |||
| Radiation doses | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD |
| Perez et al. (15) | 41 | 1,747.7 ± 1,411.3 | 32 | 1,144.5 ± 671.3 |
| Maier et al. (16) | 127 | 4,919 ± 3,559 | 589 | 3,714 ± 3,168 |
| Heterogeneity: χ2 = 0.35, df = 1 (p = 0.554), I2 = 0%. Fixed-effects model, SMD: 0.394, 95% CI: (0.216, 0.572), p < 0.001. |
||||
| Fluoroscopic time | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD |
| Pascual et al. (22) | 161 | 26.4 ± 11.6 | 161 | 29.4 ± 14.8 |
| Perez et al. (15) | 41 | 27.0 ± 17.5 | 32 | 26.3 ± 9 |
| Heterogeneity: χ2 = 1.10, df = 1 (p = 0.294), I2 = 9.3%. Fixed-effects model, SMD: −0.175, 95% CI: (−0.373, 0.023), p = 0.083. | ||||
| Implantation depth | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD |
| Pascual et al. (22) | 161 | 5.3 ± 2.3 | 161 | 5.9 ± 2.5 |
| Maier et al. (16) | 127 | 3.9 ± 2.7 | 589 | 4.9 ± 2.6 |
| Heterogeneity: χ2 = 0.79, df = 1 (p = 0.375), I2 = 0%. Fixed-effects model, SMD: −0.324, 95% CI: (−0.469, −0.180), p < 0.001. | ||||
| Mean gradient | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD |
| Pascual et al. (22) | 161 | 7.0 ± 3.3 | 161 | 7.4 ± 3.4 |
| Perez et al. (15) | 41 | 2.8 ± 4.8 | 32 | 4.8 ± 6.7 |
| Raza et al. (20) | 46 | 6.7 ± 3.3 | 17 | 6.4 ± 2.6 |
| Heterogeneity: χ2 = 1.50, df = 2 (p = 0.472), I2 = 0%. Fixed-effects model, SMD: −0.132, 95% CI: (−0.319, 0.054), p = 0.165. | ||||
| Length of hospital stay | n | Mean ± SD | n | Mean ± SD |
| Pascual et al. (22) | 161 | 5.1 ± 3.7 | 161 | 6.0 ± 3.0 |
| Mendiz et al. (23) | 156 | 2.9 ± 1.1 | 101 | 2.7 ± 1.1 |
| Sadiq et al. (14) | 75 | 2.5 ± 2.5 | 104 | 2.9 ± 2.3 |
| Maier et al. (16) | 127 | 7.7 ± 5.1 | 589 | 10.2 ± 6.4 |
| Raza et al. (20) | 46 | 4.7 ± 5.5 | 17 | 4.4 ± 3.6 |
| Heterogeneity: χ2 = 14.42, df = 4 (p = 0.006), I2 = 72.3%. Random-effects model, SMD: −0.148, 95% CI: (−0.377, 0.082), p = 0.207. | ||||
COP, cusp-overlap projection; SD, standard difference; SMD, standard mean difference; TCC, three-cusp coplanar. A random-effects model was used if significant heterogeneity existed. Otherwise the fixed-effects model was used.