Table 1.
HIV and Immune Parameters, Calciotropic Hormones, Bone Turnover Markers, and Renal Markers Before and 12 Months After ART (n = 16)
| Pre-ART | Post-ART | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| HIV and immune parameters | |||
| CD4 + T cell (cells/mm3) | 479 ± 189 | 739 ± 232 | < 0.001 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 2.29 (1.78–3.37) | 1.61 (1.42 – 2.05) | 0.03 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.32 (0.76–2.56) | 1.02 (0.93 – 1.11) | 0.06 |
| Calciotropic hormones | |||
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 22.0 ± 7.0 | 27.7 ± 8.7 | 0.04 |
| 1,25(OH)2D (pg/mL) | 51.7 ± 10.3 | 58.2 ± 20.2 | 0.20 |
| Intact PTH (pg/mL) | 31.3 ± 9.2 | 41.4 ± 12.4 | 0.004 |
| FGF-23 (pg/mL) | 28.29 (26.20 – 34.88) | 24.67 (22.18 – 28.29) | 0.04 |
| Renal markers | |||
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.91 (0.87 – 1.02) | 0.89 (0.81 – 0.97) | 0.54 |
| Serum HCO3− | 26.5 ± 2.3 | 25.4 ± 2.0 | 0.15 |
| Serum uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.4 ± 0.8 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 0.02 |
| Serum PO4− (mg/dL) | 3.6 (3.1 – 4.0) | 3.5 (3.2 – 4.1) | 0.38 |
| uProt/Cr (g/g) | 0.07 (0.05 – 0.10) | 0.07 (0.06 – 0.08) | 0.78 |
| uβ2MG/Cr (μg/g) | 57.2 (45.5 – 124.9) | 63.4 (35.3 – 163.4) | 0.33 |
| FEP (%) | 13.0 ± 4.4 | 12.2 ± 3.2 | 0.509 |
| FEAU (%) | 5.3 (4.3 – 7.1) | 6.1 (4.8 – 8.9) | 0.26 |
| Bone turnover markers, sclerostin, and RANKL/OPG cytokines | |||
| Osteocalcin (ng/mL) | 18.0 ± 5.2 | 24.8 ± 5.5 | 0.002 |
| CTX (ng/mL) | 0.44 ± 0.23 | 0.51 ± 0.24 | 0.45 |
| P1NP (ng/mL) | 63.7 ± 28.8 | 79.7 ± 30.8 | 0.09 |
| Sclerostin (pg/mL) | 1206 (603.4 – 2463) | 2027 (1705 – 2308) | 0.19 |
| RANKL (pg/mL) | 15.24 (9.98 – 21.87) | 10.86 (7.46 – 16.82) | 0.049 |
| OPG (pg/mL) | 168.92(145.1 – 266.6) | 214.5 (138.9 – 260.9) | 0.39 |
| Bone mineral density | |||
| Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2) | 0.981 ± 0.094 | 0.960 ± 0.110 | 0.048 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 0.887 ± 0.145 | 0.862 ± 0.145 | 0.001 |
| Total hip BMD (g/cm2) | 1.029 ± 0.138 | 1.010 ± 0.138 | 0.04 |
Values are mean ± SD or median (IQR). Bold p values are < 0.05.
25(OH)D = 25-hydroxy-vitamin D; 1,25(OH)2D = 1,25-dihidroxi-vitamin D; PTH = parathyroid hormone; uProt/Cr = urinary protein to creatinine ratio; uβ2MG/Cr = urinary protein to creatinine ratio; FEP = fractional excretion of phosphate; FEAU = fractional excretion of uric acid; CTX = C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen; P1NP = N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen; BMD = bone mineral density.