Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of SHFS and SHS participants
| SHFS (n = 597) | SHS controls (n = 189) | SHS cases (n = 78) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | |
| Age, years | 49 | 14 | 61 | 8 | 62 | 8 |
| Education, years | 12 | 2 | 11 | 3 | 11 | 9 |
| Smoking, % | ||||||
| Current | 33% | 37% | 35% | |||
| Past | 30% | 39% | 37% | |||
| Alcohol consumption, % | ||||||
| Current | 46% | 31% | 22% | |||
| Past | 41% | 47% | 55% | |||
| Physical activitya | 4299 | 3260 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 16 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 36 | 8 | 31 | 5 | 32 | 17 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 115 | 18 | 107 | 11 | 110 | 18 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 101 | 31 | 123 | 31 | 127 | 19 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 47 | 14 | 37 | 10 | 36 | 20 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 242 | 354 | 190 | 149 | 209 | 21 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 128 | 18 | 127 | 18 | 136 | 22 |
| Treated hypertension, % | 49% | 33% | 45% | |||
| Duration of diabetes, years | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 24 |
| Diabetes medication, % | ||||||
| Insulin | 10% | 19% | 27% | |||
| Oral | 46% | 37% | 33% | |||
| Both | 9% | 2% | 10% | |||
| Neither | 35% | 43% | 29% | |||
| Prevalent CKD, % | 9% | 16% | 32% | |||
| Treated lipidemia, % | 12% | 1% | 1% | |||
aPhysical activity was defined as pedometer measured steps per day in SHFS and metabolic equivalent task hours per week in SHS