Table 4.

Model fit results, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (n = 977).

12-item model
Models/Measures	χ2	df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
1. First-order 4-factor	335.33	48	0.94	0.92	0.08	0.06
2. First-order 4-factor (MIA)	192.53	46	0.97	0.96	0.06	0.04
3. One underlying factor	1864.14	54	0.62	0.54	0.19	0.13
4. Second-order single-factor	395.16	50	0.93	0.90	0.08	0.08
15-item model
Models/Measures	χ2	df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	SRMR
1. First-order 4-factor	631.14	84	0.91	0.89	0.08	0.07
2. First-order 4-factor (MIA)	351.99	82	0.96	0.95	0.06	0.05
3. One underlying factor	2256.61	90	0.66	0.60	0.16	0.12
4. Second-order single-factor	707.78	86	0.90	0.88	0.09	0.09

Note. χ², Chi-square; df, degrees of freedom; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation; SRMR, standardized root mean square residual; CFI, comparative fit index, TLI, Tucker-Lewis index.

12-item model. Models 1 and 4 were compared using the Satorra-Bentler (1994) scaled chi-square difference test, yielding statistically significant results [Δ χ² = 56.88, Δ df = 2, p < 0.001], suggesting that Model 1 fits the data better than 4.

15-item model. Models 1 and 4 were compared using the Satorra-Bentler (1994) scaled chi-square difference test, yielding statistically significant results [Δ χ² = 80.85, Δ df = 2, p < 0.001], suggesting that Model 1 fits the data better than 4.

MIA = modification indices applied. Both models with MIA had the highest two correlated residuals added, which were the same for both models, SP3 with SP2 and RV2 with RV1.

Every χ² p-value is < 0.001.