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. 2022 Jun 25;6(8):nzac110. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzac110

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Dietary fiber and its interaction with gut microbiota in regulation of IBD. Intake of dietary fiber increases the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, increasing the concentration of SCFAs in the gut. Butyrate activates GPCRs and HIF to maintain barrier integrity and regulates T cell differentiation to promote anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-IBD function of dietary fiber may be dependent on the abundance of SCFA-degrading species in an individual's gut microbiota. DC, dendritic cell; FOS, fructo-oligosaccharide; GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; MUC2, mucin 2; TH, helper T cell; TJ, tight junction; Treg, regulatory T cell, XOS, xylo-oligosaccharide; 2’-FL, 2’-fucosyllactose.