Table 2.
Behavior of a composite healthy lifestyle measure.
| 11 years (n = 21,138) % (95% CI) |
13 years (n = 24,816) % (95% CI) |
15 years (n = 25,461) % (95% CI) |
pb | Difference between 15 and 11 years (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boys | |||||
| Healthy lifestyle behavior | |||||
| Physical activity every day | 26.6 (25.4, 27.7) | 23.9 (22.8, 25.0) | 18.9 (17.8, 20.0) | <0.001 | −7.7 (−8.4, −6.9) |
| Screen time <2 h/day | 24.7 (23.5, 25.9) | 16.1 (15.0, 17.2) | 12.8 (11.7, 14.0) | <0.001 | −11.9 (−12.6, −11.2) |
| Eats fruits/vegetable daily | 22.5 (21.3, 23.7) | 19.1 (18.0, 20.2) | 16.2 (15.1, 17.3) | <0.001 | −6.3 (−7.0, −5.6) |
| Does not consume alcohol | 89.1 (88.6, 89.5) | 76.9 (76.3, 77.5) | 55.3 (54.4, 56.1) | <0.001 | −33.8 (−34.6, −33.1) |
| Does not smoke | 97.3 (97.1, 97.5) | 91.8 (91.4, 92.2) | 76.7 (76.1, 77.3) | <0.001 | −20.6 (−21.2, −20.1) |
| Number of behaviors reported | |||||
| None | 0.4 (−1.0, 1.7) | 1.7 (0.5, 3.0) | 6.4 (5.2, 7.6) | <0.001 | 6.0 (5.7, 6.3) |
| 1 behavior | 3.9 (2.6, 5.2) | 8.9 (7.7, 10.1) | 19.6 (18.5, 20.7) | <0.001 | 15.7 (15.2, 16.3) |
| 2 behaviors | 27.9 (26.7, 29.0) | 30.9 (29.9, 32.0) | 33.4 (32.4, 34.4) | <0.001 | 5.6 (4.7, 6.4) |
| 3 behaviors | 42.9 (41.9, 43.9) | 39.9 (38.9, 40.9) | 29.6 (28.5, 30.6) | <0.001 | −13.3 (−14.2, −12.5) |
| 4 behaviors | 20.2 (19.0, 21.4) | 15.6 (14.4, 16.7) | 9.5 (8.3, 10.7) | <0.001 | −10.7 (−11.3, −10.0) |
| 5 behaviorsa | 4.7 (3.4, 6.0) | 3.0 (1.8, 4.2) | 1.5 (0.3, 2.7) | <0.001 | −3.3 (−3.6, −2.9) |
| Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | pc | Mean (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All behaviors | |||||
| Mean of behavior reported | 2.6 (2.6, 2.6) | 2.3 (2.3, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.8) | <0.001 | −0.8 (−0.8, −0.8) |
| 11 years (n = 22,788) % (95% CI) |
13 years (n = 27,207) % (95% CI) |
15 years (n = 27,429) % (95% CI) |
pb | Difference between 15 and 11 years (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Girls | |||||
| Healthy lifestyle behavior | |||||
| Physical activity every day | 18.2 (17.0, 19.4) | 12.9 (11.8, 14.0) | 9.4 (8.3, 10.6) | <0.001 | −8.8 (−9.4, −8.2) |
| Screen time <2 h/day | 33.3 (32.3, 34.4) | 20.6 (19.5, 21.6) | 18.7 (17.6, 19.8) | <0.001 | −14.6 (−15.4, −13.9) |
| Eats fruits/vegetable daily | 29.3 (28.2, 30.4) | 23.8 (22.8, 24.9) | 22.6 (21.5, 23.6) | <0.001 | −6.7 (−7.5, −5.9) |
| Does not consume alcohol | 93.0 (92.6, 93.3) | 76.8 (76.2, 77.4) | 49.5 (48.7, 50.3) | <0.001 | −43.5 (−44.1, −42.8) |
| Does not smoke | 98.8 (98.7, 99.0) | 92.1 (91.8, 92.4) | 77.3 (76.7, 77.8) | <0.001 | −21.6 (−22.1, −21.0) |
| Number of behaviors reported | |||||
| None | 0.2 (−1.1, 1.5) | 2.4 (1.2, 3.6) | 8.7 (7.6, 9.9) | <0.001 | 8.6 (8.2, 8.9) |
| 1 behavior | 2.8 (1.5, 4.0) | 10.3 (9.2, 11.5) | 23.1 (22.1, 24.1) | <0.001 | 20.4 (19.8, 20.9) |
| 2 behaviors | 29.0 (27.9, 30.1) | 34.6 (33.6, 35.5) | 34.0 (33.0, 35.0) | <0.001 | 5.0 (4.2, 5.8) |
| 3 behaviors | 44.1 (43.1, 45.1) | 37.5 (36.5, 38.4) | 26.1 (25.0, 27.1) | <0.001 | −18.0 (−18.9, −17.2) |
| 4 behaviors | 19.6 (18.4, 20.8) | 13.2 (12.1, 14.4) | 7.2 (6.1, 8.4) | <0.001 | −12.4 (−13.0, −11.8) |
| 5 behaviors | 4.4 (3.2, 5.7) | 2.0 (0.8, 3.2) | 0.8 (−0.3, 2.0) | <0.001 | −1.5 (−1.7, −1.3) |
| Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | pc | Mean (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All behaviors | |||||
| Mean of behavior reported | 2.7 (2.7, 2.7) | 2.3 (2.3, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.8, 1.8) | <0.001 | −0.9 (−0.9, −0.9) |
CI, confidence interval.
a
Adolescents with a healthy lifestyle.
b
Tested by chi-squared test for trend.
c
Tested by ANCOVA for linear contrast analysis. Analyses were adjusted for living with mother, living with father, having siblings, and family affluence scale.