Table 2.
Meta-analysis of pooled demographic and clinical characteristics of MIS-C or PIMS-TS patients.
| Characteristics | Total | Events | Pooled mean proportion %(95%CI) | Heterogeneity I2 (%) | Combined |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | Prop CI95% | ||||
| Sex Male | 2.144 | 1.234 | 0.58 [0.55-0.61] | 31%, p = 0.03 | Random |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| White | 1627 | 338 | 0.19 [0.13-0.26] | 84%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Multiracial or outhers | 1.514 | 139 | 0.11 [0.07-0.16] | 77%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Black or Afrodescendents | 1.627 | 477 | 0.32 [0.24-0.40] | 74%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Asian | 1.627 | 158 | 0.05 [0.02-0.13] | 79%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Hipanic | 1.043 | 340 | 0.33 [0.26-0.42] | 55%, p < 0.02 | Random |
| Not declared | 1.134 | 175 | 0.13 [0.07-0.21] | 82%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Clinical features | |||||
| Fever | 2.144 | 2.067 | 1.00 [0.98-1.00] | 78%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Cough | 1.388 | 535 | 0.41 [0.28-0.55] | 93%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Headache | 1.173 | 280 | 0.28 [0.21-0.37] | 70%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Dyspnea | 874 | 235 | 0.29 [0.21-0.38] | 65%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Conjunctivitis | 978 | 541 | 0.54 [0.47-0.61] | 58%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Sore throat | 279 | 57 | 0.20 [0.12-0.31] | 71%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Diarrhoea | 1.542 | 655 | 0.58 [0.49-0.67] | 76%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Vomiting | 1.541 | 736 | 0.66 [0.56-0.75] | 73%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Abdominal pain | 1.598 | 763 | 0.68 [0.62-0.74] | 24%, p < 0.12 | Random |
| GI symptoms (not specifics) | 1.228 | 986 | 0.82 [0.71-0.89] | 87%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Erythema | 1.724 | 814 | 0.59 [0.53-0.65] | 51%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Shock | 1.544 | 675 | 0.60 [0.51-0.69] | 84%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Hypotension | 1.697 | 890 | 0.59 [0.53-0.65] | 62%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Cardiac symptoms | 1.837 | 1.251 | 0.66 [0.58-0.74] | 87%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Neurologic symptoms | 1.494 | 488 | 0.28 [0.20-0.38] | 83%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Respiratory symptoms | 1.695 | 869 | 0.39 [0.30-0.49] | 88%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Comorbidity | 1.805 | 604 | 0.33 [0.27-0.40] | 80%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Laboratory features | |||||
| Serological test confirmation | 2.044 | 2.102 | 0.69 [0.60-0.77] | 84%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| RT-PCR | 2.102 | 588 | 0.31 [0.24-0.38] | 76%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Treatment | |||||
| Inotropics | 1.965 | 913 | 0.54 [0.47-0.60] | 77%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Steroids | 1.973 | 1.145 | 0.64 [0.52-0.74] | 68%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Antibiotics | 777 | 395 | 0.77 [0.54-0.95] | 97%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| IVIG | 1.963 | 1.501 | 0.84 [0.79-0.88] | 79%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Antiplatelet | 1.625 | 1.116 | 0.78 [0.63-0.89] | 97%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Biological Immunodulation | 1.401 | 355 | 0.27 [0.16-0.42] | 77%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Antiviral therapy | 295 | 45 | 0.16 [0.08-0.29] | 67%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| ICU | 1.973 | 1.294 | 0.76 [0.67-0.84] | 77%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| (MV/NIV/ HFNC) | 1.919 | 731 | 0.50 [0.39-0.62] | 82%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| ECMO | 641 | 36 | 0.06 [0.03-0.10] | 65%, p < 0.01 | Random |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Recoverd | 1.973 | 1.935 | 1.00 [0.99-1.00] | 13%, p < 0.24 | Random |
| Death | 1.973 | 38 | 0.01 [0.01-0.03] | 22%, p = 0.11 | Random |
PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; MV, mechanical ventilation; NIV, noninvasive ventilation; HFNC, high-flow nasal cannula; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.