TABLE 2.

Gastrointestinal Disorders That Overlap the Abdominal Symptoms of HAE

Celiac disease	Small bowel obstruction
Crohn’s disease	Familial Mediterranean fever
Ulcerative colitis	Celiac artery compression/median arcuate ligament syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome	Mast cell activation syndrome
Functional dyspepsia	Mast cell enterocolitis
Chronic nausea and vomiting	Migraines with an abdominal component
Cyclic vomiting syndrome	Porphyrias, including acute intermittent porphyria

HAE indicates hereditary angioedema.