Table 4.
Simulated hospitalisation costs by baseline COV50 score, age class, and the hospital facility at entry
|
Follow-up WHO score |
Cost reduction associated with 1 day less in hospital per 1000 patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3–4 | 5 | 6–8 | All scores (3–8) | ||
| COV50 score (range −3·26 to 3·39; 19–96 years) | |||||
| Days in regular care | 8 (4–13) | 14 (8–20) | 14 (6–24) | .. | .. |
| Cost of regular care, M€ | 2·198 (2·094–2·302) | 0·684 (0·608–0·759) | 1·942 (1·723–2·174) | .. | .. |
| Days in intermediate care | .. | 11 (5–17) | 12 (5–23) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intermediate care, M€ | .. | 1·048 (0·931–1·164) | 2·311 (2·050–2·587) | .. | .. |
| Days in intensive care | .. | .. | 6 (4–17) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intensive care, M€ | .. | .. | 2·183 (1·937–2·444) | .. | .. |
| Days in all care facilities | .. | .. | .. | 9 (4–15) | .. |
| Cost of all care, M€ | .. | .. | .. | 10·366 (9·343–11·430) | 1·481 (1·335–1·633) |
| COV50 score <0·04 (19–96 years) | |||||
| Days in regular care | 7 (4–12) | 12 (6–16) | 20 (10–29) | .. | .. |
| Cost of regular care, M€ | 2·732 (2·574–2·897) | 0·897 (0·744–1·050) | 0·494 (0·315–0·674) | .. | .. |
| Days in intermediate care | .. | 8 (5–13) | 38 (18–58) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intermediate care, M€ | .. | 0·988 (0·819–1·156) | 0·592 (0·337–0·807) | .. | .. |
| Days in intensive care | .. | .. | 6 (4–11) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intensive care, M€ | .. | .. | 0·505 (0·321–0·689) | .. | .. |
| Days in all care facilities | .. | .. | .. | 8 (4–13) | .. |
| Cost of all care, M€ | .. | .. | .. | 6·208 (5·110–7·273) | 0·887 (0·730–1·039) |
| COV50 score ≥0·04, (19–96 years) | |||||
| Days in regular care | 10 (5–14) | 16 (10–20) | 12 (5–23) | .. | .. |
| Cost of regular care, M€ | 1·696 (1·548–1·860) | 0·855 (0·723–1·003) | 3·338 (2·926–3·749) | .. | .. |
| Days in intermediate care | .. | 14 (8–21) | 12 (5–20) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intermediate care, M€ | .. | 1·189 (1·005–1·394) | 3·911 (3·429–4·394) | .. | .. |
| Days in intensive care | .. | .. | 6 (4–18) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intensive care, M€ | .. | .. | 3·697 (3·241–4·153) | .. | .. |
| Days in all care facilities | .. | .. | .. | 11 (5–17) | .. |
| Cost of all care, M€ | .. | .. | .. | 14·686 (12·872–16·553) | 2·098 (1·839–2·365) |
| COV50 score ≥0·04, <65 years | |||||
| Days in regular care | 7 (4–16) | 17 (14–20) | 30 (24–36) | .. | .. |
| Cost of regular care, M€ | 1·481 (1·257–1·704) | 1·700 (1·373–1·962) | 3·235 (2·654–3·898) | .. | .. |
| Days in intermediate care | .. | 12 (6–15) | 15 (6–19) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intermediate care, M€ | .. | 2·001 (1·616–2·309) | 3·415 (2·802–4·116) | .. | .. |
| Days in intensive care | .. | .. | 5 (4–14) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intensive care, M€ | .. | .. | 3·200 (2·626–3·856) | .. | .. |
| Days in all care facilities | .. | .. | .. | 11 (5–17) | .. |
| Cost of all care, M€ | .. | .. | .. | 15·032 (12·328–17·845) | 2·147 (1·761–2·549) |
| COV50 score ≥0·04, ≥65 years | |||||
| Days in regular care | 10 (5–14) | 12 (10–20) | 11 (4–26) | .. | .. |
| Cost of regular care, M€ | 1·785 (1·581–1·977) | 0·139 (0·109–0·169) | 1·194 (1·027–1·362) | .. | .. |
| Days in intermediate care | .. | 16 (8–24) | 12 (4–25) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intermediate care, M€ | .. | 0·881 (0·688–1·074) | 4·130 (3·551–4·709) | .. | .. |
| Days in intensive care | .. | .. | 12 (6–20) | .. | .. |
| Cost of intensive care, M€ | .. | .. | 3·972 (3·415–4·529) | .. | .. |
| Days in all care facilities | .. | .. | .. | 11 (5–17) | .. |
| Cost of all care, M€ | .. | .. | .. | 12·101 (10·371–13·820) | 1·729 (1·482–1·974) |
Data shown as the median number of days (IQR) as observed in the CRIT-Cov-U cohort; and hospitalisation costs per 1000 patients hospitalised for 1 week per care facility (median and 5–95% percentile interval) were extrapolated from the distributions of patients (expected by the Markov chain simulation) reaching follow-up WHO scores of 3–4, 5, and 6–8 and the care facility corresponding with disease severity (ie, regular care for score 3–4, intermediate care for score 5, and intensive care for score 6–8). Cost estimates in intermediate and intensive care facilities also include the costs of lower care facilities to which patients were admitted before or after they reached their maximal WHO score during follow-up. M€=million Euro.