Table 1.
Patients' characteristics of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients.
| Moderate COVID-19 (n = 60) | Severe COVID-19 (n = 30) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Demographic variables | |||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 50.82 ± 10.51 | 50.47 ± 9.87 | 0.901 |
| Sex (male), n (%) | 36 (60) | 24 (80) | 0.097 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 29.16 ± 4.2 | 29.69 ± 5.18 | 0.854 |
| Metabolic syndrome | 35 (58.33) | 25 (83.33) | 0.018 |
| Abdominal obesity | 33 (55) | 17 (56.66) | 0.881 |
| Hypertension | 26 (43.33) | 13 (43.33) | 1.000 |
| Elevated TG | 30 (50) | 22 (73.33) | 0.035 |
| Low-HDL-C | 48 (80) | 21 (70) | 0.225 |
| Hyperglycemia | 29 (48.33) | 23 (76.66) | 0.010 |
| T2DM | 16 (26.66) | 15 (50) | 0.002 |
| CAD | 2 (3.33) | 3 (10) | 0.204 |
|
| |||
| Measurements | mean ± SD | mean ± SD | |
| WC (cm) | 98.47 ± 12.01 | 101.37 ± 10.79 | 0.348 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.58 ± 18.5 | 122.1 ± 10.58 | 0.429 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.08 ± 13.09 | 74.8 ± 7.82 | 0.134 |
| FBG (mg/dl) | 114.03 ± 48.36 | 145.72 ± 64.07 | 0.004 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.37 ± 0.99 | 7.55 ± 2.21 | 0.007 |
| T. Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 161.52 ± 39.55 | 165.72 ± 37.13 | 0.534 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 171.55 ± 93.75 | 217.11 ± 90.9 | 0.007 |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 92.57 ± 29.31 | 101.44 ± 30.68 | 0.249 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 33.84 ± 9.32 | 35.8 ± 9.7 | 0.263 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.88 ± 0.3 | 0.93 ± 0.29 | 0.399 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 67.91 ± 83.57 | 82.72 ± 67.18 | 0.142 |
| Lymphocytes (x109/L) | 1.79 ± 3.89 | 1.02 ± 0.39 | 0.016 |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 570.31 ± 508.79 | 577.16 ± 503.35 | 0.906 |
| D-dimer (μg/ml) | 1.38 ± 1.96 | 1.02 ± 0.93 | 0.546 |
| LDH (mg/dl) | 346.35 ± 122.39 | 413.47 ± 190.92 | 0.191 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 0.11 ± 0.13 | 0.15 ± 0.11 | 0.033 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 590.42 ± 129.5 | 581.47 ± 137.36 | 0.590 |
Statistical significance at p < 0.05. BMI: body mass index, MetS: metabolic syndrome, WC: waist circumference, FBG: fasting blood glucose, SBP: systolic blood pressure, and HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.