Table 2.
Placebo-controlled effect of PCI on CPET parameters, exercise haemodynamics and Duke treadmill score
| CPET endpoint | ANCOVA estimate with the covariate modelled as a restricted cubic spline (PCI over placebo) | ANCOVA P-value |
|---|---|---|
| CPET variable during exercise | ||
| Peak VO2 (mL/min) | −8.03 (95% CI: −80.07 to 64.00) | 0.826 |
| Peak O2-pulse (ml/beat) | 0.04 (95% CI: −0.65 to 0.73) | 0.903 |
| O2-pulse plateau presence | OR: 1.13 (95% CI: 0.56–2.26) | 0.735 |
| O2-pulse plateau gradient | −0.26 (95% CI: −0.60 to 0.087) | 0.142 |
| OUES | −40.72 (95% CI: −131.29 to 49.86) | 0.376 |
| VE/VCO2 slope | 0.22 (95% CI: −9.57 to 22.33) | 0.431 |
| Peak VE (L) | −1.35 (95% CI: −5.24 to 2.54) | 0.495 |
| Peak RER | 0.0076 (95% CI: −0.020 to 0.035) | 0.585 |
| VO2 at AT (mL/min) | 2.22 (95% CI: −57.78 to 62.22) | 0.942 |
| Exercise haemodynamics | ||
| Peak SBP (mmHg) | 4.52 (95% CI: −2.56 to 11.59) | 0.210 |
| Peak HR (bpm) | −0.34 (95% CI: −3.86 to 3.18) | 0.847 |
| RPP (mmHg • bpm) | 740.89 (95% CI: −432.65 to 1914.40) | 0.215 |
| Duke treadmill score | OR: 1.73 (95% CI: 1.05–2.85) | 0.032 |
| Maximal ST-segment depression (mm) | −0.55 (95% CI: −1.10 to −0.02) | 0.041 |
| Treadmill angina index | OR: 1.07 (95% CI: 0.49–2.34) | 0.869 |
Treatment effect estimates were generated using regression modelling. The follow-up values were modelled conditioned to pre-randomization value and treatment.
ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; AT, anaerobic threshold; bpm, beats per minute; CI, confidence interval; CPET, cardiopulmonary exercise testing; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; OUES, oxygen uptake efficiency slope; OR, odds ratio, RER, respiratory exchange ratio; RPP, rate pressure product; SBP, systolic blood pressure; VE, minute ventilation; VO2, oxygen uptake.
Estimates are either expressed as absolute values for continuous variables or odds ratios for discrete variables. Duke treadmill score was calculated as follows: Duration of exercise in minutes = (5 × the maximal net ST-segment deviation during or after exercise, in millimetres)−(4 × the treadmill angina index). The angina index has a value of 0 if the patient had no angina during exercise, 1 if the patient had non-limiting angina, and 2 if angina was the reason the patient stopped exercising.