Table 1.

a Indigenous dairy products in SEA, b indigenous fermented cereal products in SEA, c indigenous fermented fruits and vegetable sin SEA, d indigenous legume products in SEA, e indigenous fermented root crop products in SEA, f indigenous fermented meat products in SEA, g indigenous fermented fish products in SEA, h indigenous fermented alcoholic beverages in SEA.

Local Name	Country	Raw material	Organoleptic properties
a. Fermented dairy products
Dadih	Indonesia	Buffalo milk	Curd, savory
Sua Chua	Vietnam	Dried skim milk, starter, sugar	Acid fermented milk
b. Fermented cereal products
Ang-kak	Thailand, Philippines	Red rice	Colorant
Dosa	Malaysia, Singapore	Rice and black gram	Thin crisp pancake, shallow fried
Idli	Malaysia, Singapore	Rice and black gram or other dehusked pulses	Soft moist, spongy, mild-acidic
Khaomak (Kao-mak)	Thailand	Glutinous rice Look-pang (starter)	Sweet and mild alcoholic Thai desert
Puto	Philippines	Rice	Steamed rice cake
Tape Ketan	Indonesia	Glutinous rice, Ragi	Sour, sweet, mild alcoholic desert
c. Fermented fruits and vegetable products
Burong mustala	Philippines	Mustard	Wet and acidic
Dha muoi	Vietnam	Eggplant, mustard, and beet	Wet and acidic
Hom-dong	Thailand	Red onion	Fermented red onion
Naw-mai-diong	Thailand	Bamboo shoots	Wet and acidic
Pak-gard-dong	Thailand	Leafy vegetable, salt, and boiled rice	Wet, acidic, side dish
Pak-sian-dong	Thailand	Gynandropis pentaphylla leaves	Wet, acidic, side dish
Dakguadong	Thailand	Mustard leaf	Wet, acidic, sour, salad
Sayur asin	Indonesia	Mustard leaves, coconut, salt, and cabbage	Wet, acidic, sour, salad
Tempoyak	Malaysia	Durian (Durio zibethinus), salt	Wet, acidic, side dish
d. Fermented legume products
Kecap	Indonesia	Wheat, soybean	Liquid
Ketjap	Indonesia	Black soybean	Syrup liquid
Oncom Hitam (black) and Oncom Merah (orange)	Indonesia	Tapioca peanut press cake, soybean cord starter	Fermented peanut press cake fried or roasted
	Indonesia
Tauco	Indonesia	Soybean	Alkaline, liquid, seasoning
Tempeh	Indonesia	Soybean	Paste, flavoring agent, alkaline
Thua nao	Thailand	Soybean	Dry, paste, side dish, alkaline
e. Fermented root crop products
Tapé	Indonesia	Cassava	Dessert (sweet)
Tapai Ubi	Malaysia	Cassava, Ragi	Dessert (sweet)
f. Fermented meat products
Hham (Musom)	Thailand	Pork meat, pork skin, rice garlic, ginger, salt	Fermented pork
Nem-chua	Vietnam	Pork, cooked rice, salt	Fermented sausage
Nham or Sai-krok-prieo	Thailand	Pork, rice salt, garlic	Fermented sausage
Tocino	Philippines	Pork, potassium nitrate, salt, sugar	Fermented cured pork
g. Fermented fish products
Balao-balao	Philippines	Shrimp, rice, salt	Fermented rice shrimp, condiment
Belacan	Malaysia	Shrimp salt	Condiment, paste
Bakasang	Indonesia	Shrimp, fish	Condiment, paste
Burong Bangus	Philippines	Milkfish, vinegar, rice, salt	Fermented milkfish, sauce
Burong Isda	Philippines	Fish, rice, salt	Fermented fish sauce
Budu	Malaysia, Thailand	Marine fishes, sugar, salt	Fish sauce, Muslim sauce
Hoi-malaeng pu-dong	Thailand	Mussel (Mytilus smaragdinus) salt	Fermented mussel
Nam pla	Thailand	Solephorus sp., Ristelliger sp. Cirrhinus sp., water, salt	Fish sauce
Nuoc mam	Vietnam	Marine fish	Fish sauce, condiment
Patis	Indonesia, Philippines	Stolephorus sp., Clupea sp., Decapterus sp., Leionathus sp., salt	Fish sauce
Pla-paeng-daeng	Thailand	Marine fish, Ang-kak (red molds rice), salt	Red fermented fish
Pla-som (Pla-khao-sug)	Thailand	Marine fish, boiled rice, salt, garlic	Fermented fish, condiment

Beverage name	Country	Raw material	Organism/starter	Organoleptic properties
h. Fermented alcoholic beverages
Basi	Philippines	Sugar cane	Bubod, binubudan	Cloudy or clear liquid
Brem	Indonesia	Rice	Ragi	Mild alcoholic, sweet-sour, dry
Khao maak	Thailand	Rice	Lookpang	Sweet taste, white colored, juicy, mild alcoholic
Krachae	Thailand	Rice	Lookpang	Filtered liquor non-distilled
Nam khao	Thailand	Rice	Lookpang	Distilled liquor
Ou	Thailand	Rice	Lookpang	Distilled liquor
Sato	Thailand	Rice	Lookpang	Distilled liquor
Ruou de, Ruou nep	Vietnam	Rice	Men	Clear, distilled liquor
Ruou nep than	Vietnam	Purple rice	Men	Viscous thick, non-distilled fermented rice
Ruou nep chan	Vietnam	Maize, rice, cassava	Men	Viscous, thick, distilled/non-distilled fermented rice
Tapuy	Philippines	Rice	Bubod	Sour, sweet, mild alcoholic
Tapai ubi, Tapai pulut	Malaysia	Cassava, rice	Ragi/ jui-piang	Sour, sweet, mild alcoholic
Tapé-ketan	Indonesia	Cassava, rice, millet, maize	Ragi	Sweet-sour alcoholic paste