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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2022 Jul 12;260:119464. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119464

Table 2.

Summary statistics for group differences between males and females, Young and Old (t-test); and age effect within the Young, Old, and All participants as assessed by Pearson correlation.

Male vs. Female (t-test) Young vs. Old (t-test) Age Effect (Pearson Correlation)
Male (N=14) Female (N=11) Young (N=13) Old (N=12) Young (N=13) Old (N=12) All (N=25)
mean (std) mean (std) t-value p-value mean (std) mean (std) t-value p-value r p-value r p-value r p-value
Age (years) 52 (24) 49 (25) 0.21 0.83 Age (years) NA NA NA NA Age (years) NA NA NA NA NA NA
BMI 25 (3.4) 26 (2.8) −0.96 0.35 BMI 25 (2.9) 26 (3.5) −0.85 0.41 BMI −0.3 0.32 −0.17 0.61 0.09 0.67
HR (BPM) 85 (8.7) 83 (15) 0.45 0.66 HR (BPM) 85 (14) 83 (8.8) 0.52 0.61 HR (BPM) 0.0031 0.99 −0.32 0.31 −0.13 0.54
FWHM_All 0.19 (0.1) 0.17 (0.092) 0.58 0.57 FWHM_All 0.11 (0.0096) 0.26 (0.084) −6.3 <0.001 FWHM_All 0.81 <0.001 0.61 0.034 0.94 <0.001
FWHM_Small 0.18 (0.11) 0.17 (0.091) 0.37 0.72 FWHM_Small 0.1 (0.0089) 0.26 (0.083) −6.5 <0.001 FWHM_Small 0.59 0.035 0.79 0.0022 0.92 <0.001
FWHM_Medium 0.2 (0.1) 0.17 (0.091) 0.72 0.48 FWHM_Medium 0.12 (0.011) 0.26 (0.086) −5.8 <0.001 FWHM_Medium 0.72 0.0056 0.61 0.034 0.94 <0.001
FWHM_Large 0.2 (0.1) 0.17 (0.075) 1 0.31 FWHM_Large 0.13 (0.026) 0.25 (0.087) −4.9 <0.001 FWHM_Large 0.74 0.004 0.81 0.0013 0.8 <0.001
ADC_All 0.0026 (0.00041) 0.0026 (0.00048) −0.12 0.91 ADC_All 0.0022 (0.00021) 0.0029 (0.00032) −6.2 <0.001 ADC_All 0.1 0.74 0.24 0.46 0.78 <0.001
ADC_Small 0.0022 (0.00024) 0.0021 (0.00025) 1.1 0.29 ADC_Small 0.002 (0.00019) 0.0024 (0.00019) −4.3 <0.001 ADC_Small 0.18 0.56 0.17 0.59 0.67 <0.001
ADC_Medium 0.0029 (0.00052) 0.0029 (0.00063) −0.32 0.75 ADC_Medium 0.0025 (0.00026) 0.0033 (0.00047) −5.3 <0.001 ADC_Medium 0.017 0.96 0.38 0.22 0.74 <0.001
ADC_Large 0.0035 (0.00066) 0.0034 (0.00057) 0.64 0.53 ADC_Large 0.0032 (4e-04) 0.0037 (7e-04) −2.3 0.032 ADC_Large −0.12 0.7 0.56 0.06 0.47 0.018
ΔADC_All 0.0014 (0.00039) 0.0014 (0.00044) −0.41 0.69 ΔADC_All 0.0012 (0.00026) 0.0017 (0.00038) −3.8 0.0013 ΔADC_All 0.29 0.34 −0.48 0.12 0.57 0.003
ΔADC_Small 0.00092 (3e-04) 0.00088 (0.00028) 0.34 0.74 ΔADC_Small 0.00081 (0.00021) 0.001 (0.00034) −1.6 0.12 ΔADC_Small 0.083 0.79 −0.25 0.43 0.29 0.16
ΔADC_Medium 0.0019 (0.00039) 0.002 (0.00049) −0.3 0.77 ΔADC_Medium 0.0017 (0.00037) 0.0022 (0.00033) −3.5 0.002 ΔADC_Medium 0.37 0.21 −0.45 0.14 0.58 0.0026
ΔADC_Large 0.0022 (0.00048) 0.0021 (5e-04) 0.73 0.48 ΔADC_Large 0.0023 (0.00042) 0.0021 (0.00054) 1 0.31 ΔADC_Large −0.097 0.75 0.097 0.76 −0.21 0.32
ADC_LatVent 0.0029 (2e-04) 0.0028 (0.00013) 1.4 0.17 ADC_LatVent 0.0029 (0.00024) 0.0029 (5.9e-05) 0.082 0.94 ADC_LatVent −0.17 0.58 0.84 0.0006 −0.033 0.87
ADC_InfLatVent 0.0023 (0.00024) 0.0022 (0.00015) 1.2 0.26 ADC_InfLatVent 0.0021 (0.00017) 0.0024 (0.00017) −3.8 0.001 ADC_InfLatVent −0.2 0.51 0.65 0.023 0.62 0.001
ADC_3rdVent 0.0059 (0.0014) 0.0056 (0.0011) 0.66 0.52 ADC_3rdVent 0.0051 (0.00092) 0.0064 (0.0013) −3 0.0063 ADC_3rdVent 0.0033 0.99 0.39 0.21 0.56 0.0035
ADC_4thVent 0.0049 (0.0017) 0.0041 (0.00076) 1.6 0.13 ADC_4thVent 0.0039 (0.00094) 0.0051 (0.0016) −2.2 0.041 ADC_4thVent −0.084 0.79 0.84 0.0006 0.52 0.008
Vol_sPVS (mm3 48000 (14000) 35000 (11000) 2.6 0.015 Vol_sPVS (mm3) 46000 (14000) 38000 (15000) 1.4 0.19 Vol_sPVS (mm3) −0.21 0.49 0.51 0.092 −0.23 0.26

Abbreviations: BMI: Body mass index; HR: Heart rate; BMP: Beats per minute; FWHM: Full-width at half maximum; ADC (mm2/s): Apparent diffusion coefficient at the trough of the waveform; ΔADC: peak-trough ADC difference of the waveform; Vol_sPVS (mm3): volume of sPVS ROI; LatVent: Lateral ventricle; InfLatVent: Inferior lateral ventricle; 3rdVent: Thrid ventricle; 4thVent: Fourth ventricle