Table 4.
Association between non-adherence and anthropometric measures and complications
| Variables | Non-adherence | Odd ratios, 95% CI | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | OR | Lower | upper | ||
| Anthropometric data | ||||||
| Blood pressure | ||||||
| Normal | 52 | 48.6 | 1 | 0.672 | ||
| Hypertension | 30 | 28.04 | 1.13 | .644 | 1.980 | |
| BMI | ||||||
| Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2) | 10 | 9.35 | 1 | 0.029* | ||
| Normal (18.5 kg/m2-24 kg/m2) | 32 | 29.91 | 1.64 | 0.88 | 3.1 | 0.12 |
| Overweight/obese (> 24 kg/m2) | 65 | 60.75 | 3.01 | 1.3 | 7.12 | 0.01* |
| Types of the medical drugs | ||||||
| Single OHA | 59 | 55.14 | 1 | 0.027* | ||
| OHA and Insulin | 29 | 27.1 | 0.43 | 0.22 | 0.86 | 0.017* |
| Insulin alone | 19 | 17.76 | 0.37 | 0.16 | 0.84 | 0.017* |
| Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C) | ||||||
| Good (= < 7%) | 20 | 18.69 | 1 | 0.013* | ||
| Poor (> 7%) | 87 | 81.31 | 2.28 | 1.19 | 4.36 | |
| Glycaemia (g/dl) | ||||||
| Less than 170 g/dl | 11 | 10.28 | 0.046* | |||
| 170–250 g/dl | 28 | 26.17 | 1.96 | 0.86 | 4.44 | 0.108 |
| More than250 g/dl | 68 | 63.55 | .567 | 0.27 | 1.18 | 0.127 |
| Presence of diabetes complications | ||||||
| Retinopathy complication | ||||||
| Yes | 48 | 44.86 | 1 | |||
| No | 59 | 55.14 | 0.83 | 0.45 | 1.46 | 0.052 |
| Kidney disease | ||||||
| Yes | 77 | 71.96 | 1 | 0.216 | ||
| No | 30 | 28.04 | 0.68 | 0.36 | 1.26 | |
| Skin infections | ||||||
| Yes | 71 | 66.36 | 0.035* | |||
| No | 36 | 33.64 | .541 | 0.31 | 0.96 | |
| Presence of other chronic disease | ||||||
| Yes | 99 | 92.52 | ||||
| No | 101 | 94.39 | 1.09 | 0.62 | 1.9 | 0.68 |
N Indicates number of cases or frequency, % Percentage, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence Intervals, OHA Oral Hypoglycemic Agents, DPCS Doctor- Patient Communication Scale, BMI Body Mass Index, HbA1C Glycosylated Hemoglobin
*p < 0.05
**p < 0.01
***p < 0.001