TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the investigated managers.

Demographics	All (N = 1,016)	Line managers (N = 480)	Middle managers (N = 356)	Top managers (N = 180)
Gender
Female	40.6%	50.2%	33.1%	30%
Male	59.4%	49.8%	66.9%	70%
Age
18–29	0.8%	1.3%	0.6%	0%
30–39	9.4%	12.5%	6.7%	6.1%
40–49	33.1%	34.4%	33.7%	28.3%
50–59	47.1%	43.1%	50%	52.2%
60 or more	9.6%	8.8%	9%	13.3%
Working from home
Only work from home	30.5%	36.5%	28.4%	18.9%
Partly work from home	69.5%	63.5%	71.6%	81.1%
My employees work
Constantly/always and fulltime from home	0.5%	0.8%	0.3%	0%
Only from home right now	23.7%	30%	19.9%	14.4%
Only from their workplace	13.4%	14.2%	15.7%	6.7%
Are sent home and do not work	2.6%	2.1%	3.7%	1.7%
Partly work from home	59.8%	52.9%	60.4%	77.2%
Sector
Public	15.9%	21.5%	16.3%	0.6%
Private	76.8%	72.1%	77.8%	87.2%
Self-governing	7.3%	6.5%	5.9%	12.2%
Industry
Buildings and facilities	5.8%	4.4%	7.3%	6.7%
Properties and rental	2.8%	1.7%	3.9%	3.3%
Business services	3.5%	2.5%	5.9%	1.7%
Finance and insurance	5.3%	6.5%	4.5%	3.9%
Trade and transport	18.4%	17.3%	18.3%	21.7%
Industry, raw materials, and supply	21.5%	23.1%	20.8%	18.3%
Information and communication	11.6%	12.1%	9.6%	14.4%
Culture, leisure, and other services	9.8%	9%	7.9%	16.1%
Agriculture, forest, and fishery	1.4%	1.3%	0.6%	3.3%
Public administration, teaching, and health	16.9%	19.6%	18.3%	7.2%
Does not want to say	3.0%	2.7%	3.1%	3.3%
Number of employees
1–49	21.4%	16.5%	12.4%	52.2%
50–99	14.9%	13.1%	17.4%	14.4%
100–249	12.9%	13.8%	13.8%	8.9%
250–499	10.3%	8.3%	11.8%	12.8%
500 or more	40.1%	47.7%	44.1%	11.7%
Does not know/does not want to say	0.5%	0.6%	0.6%	0%