Table 3.
Between groups differences of changes in clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of the TR evolution groups
| Overall study population (n = 852) | Baseline Grade 0–1 TR unchanged (n = 583) | Baseline Grade 2–4 TR improved (n = 75) | Baseline Grade 0–1 TR worsened (n = 85) | Baseline Grade 2–4 TR unchanged (n = 109) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥1 class improvement in NYHA class (%) | 472 (55.4%) | 325 (55.7%) | 50 (66.7%) | 44 (51.8%) | 53 (48.6%) | 0.095 |
| Absolute change in 6MWT (m) | 57.9 (±87.5) | 57.4 (±82.3) | 90.0 (±90.4) | 52.4 (±99.5) | 43.6 (±100.9)† | 0.033 |
| Absolute change in QOL score | −8.8 (±17.1) | −9.0 (±16.6) | −15.0 (±15.9) | −5.0 (±19.1)† | −6.0 (±18.5)† | 0.005 |
| Relative change in RVEDA (%) | 5.8 (±24.4) | 5.2 (±23.2) | −2.1 (±29.5) | 15.7 (±25.6)*,† | 7.6 (±23.6) | <0.001 |
| Relative change in RVESA (%) | 9.3 (±31.8) | 9.7 (±30.4) | −6.0 (±33.0)* | 23.3 (±39.2)*,† | 8.1 (±27.7)†,# | <0.001 |
| Absolute change in FAC (%) | −0.8 (±12.7) | −1.4 (±12.1) | 3.6 (±14.3)* | −2.3 (±14.9)† | 0.26 (±12.5) | 0.010 |
| Relative change in LVEDV (%) | −8.2 (±21.2) | −10.7 (±20.0) | −5.5 (±24.9) | 1.5 (±22.9)*,† | −2.2 (±20.3)* | <0.001 |
| Relative change in LVESV (%) | −15.0 (±24.7) | −18.2 (±22.7) | −16.0 (±27.2) | −1.1 (±30.9)*,† | −7.8 (±22.5) | <0.001 |
| Absolute change in LVEF (%) | 6.1 (±8.9) | 6.7 (±8.9) | 6.7 (±9.0) | 3.2 (±9.8)* | 4.7 (±8.0)* | 0.003 |
EDA, end-diastolic area; EDV, end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; ESA, end-systolic area; ESV, end-systolic volume; FAC, fractional area change; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; LV, left ventricular; MWT, minute walking test; QoL, quality of life; RV, right ventricular.
*
P < 0.05 vs. baseline Grade 0–1 TR unchanged.
†
P < 0.05 vs. baseline Grade 2–4 TR improved.
#
P < 0.05 vs. baseline Grade 0–1 TR worsened.