Table 2.
Overview of studies included in the review in alphabetical order.
| Authors | Treatment (n) | Depression Measure | Mean Pre-Intervention Depression Score | Objective Neuropsychological Measure(s) | Brief Summary of Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anderson et al. (2007) | MBSR (39) Control (33) |
BDI | MBSR1: 13.1 Control: 8.1 |
Vigil Continuous Performance Test (The Psychological Corporation); Switching Task; Stroop Paradigm; Object Detection Task | No group differences; No pre-post differences |
| Berk et al. (2018) | MBSR (13) | DASS-21 | MBSR: 12.92 | Verbal Learning Test; Trail Making Test A and B; Symbol Digit Modalities Test adapted | Verbal memory improved from pre-post treatment. No other significant changes noted. |
| Blankespoor et al. (2017) | MBSR (25) | BDI | MBSR: 12.6 | Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; Location Learning Test; Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test; Digit Span Test; Letter-Number Sequencing Test’ Letter Fluency Test | Less displacement errors on immediate recall of LLT. No other significant changes in cognitive functions. |
| Cash et al. (2016) | MBSR (39) | PHQ-9 | MBSR: 6.36 | Trail Making Test A and B; Digit Span Test; Auditory Consonant Trigrams; Controlled Oral Word Association | No significant changes in cognitive measures when looking at the overall sample. When examining just patients with Parkinson’s Disease (n = 29), significant improvements were found in measures of working memory. |
| Huang et al. (2019) | MBCT (23) | 18 Item Taiwan Depression Scale | MBCT: 23.35 | Numerical Stroop Task | Significantly improved interference on Stroop task. |
| Mallya & Fiocco (2019) | MBSR (22) Control (20) |
CES-D | MBSR: 19.16 Control: 19.13 |
Trail Making Test B; Controlled Oral Work Association; California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition; WAIS-IV Digit Span Backwards; WAIS-IV; Mini Mental State Examination | No group differences; No pre-post differences. |
| Sachse et al. (2011) | MBCT (22) | BDI-II | MBCT: 33.95 | Stroop Task; Trail Making Test | Significant improvements pre-post treatment in processing speed and inhibition. |
| Schoenberg & Speckens (2014; 2015) | MBCT (26) Control (24) |
IDS | MBCT: 27.3 Control: 25.1 |
Go/No-Go Task | No group differences; No pre-post differences. |
| Verhoeven et al. (2014) | MBCT (38) Control (16) |
BDI-II | MBCT: 19.0 Control: 15.4 |
Stroop Color/Word Task; Emotional Stroop Task; Sustained Attention to Response Test | MBCT group showed significant increase in inhibition via the emotional Stroop task. No other group or time differences. |
| Wetherell et al. (2017) | MBSR (47) Control (56) |
PROMIS | MBSR: 20.3 Control: 19.9 |
Verbal Fluency Test; Color word Interference Test | Significant improvement in MBCT group in memory composite (driven by immediate memory recall. No other group or time differences. |
1
only treatment group meets clinical cutoff
2
adapted interventions, “Mindfulness-based Intervention” 1.5 hours/week for 8 weeks