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. 2022 Sep 1;13:4703. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32196-1

Fig. 3. Co-administration of IL-1β enhances e.c. HDM-induced Th2/Tfh responses in a TSLP-independent manner.

Fig. 3

a RNAscope in situ hybridization for IL-1β mRNA in non-treated (NT), LMP_30μm and LMP_91 μm ears at 48 h after the microporation. Dashed lines indicate the dermal/epidermal junction. b ELISA measurement of IL-1β protein levels in ears at 48 h after LMP_30 μm and 91 μm (n = 5, 12, 6 mice). c Experimental protocol. HDM with or without IL-1β was applied on LMP_30μm ears (e.c. HDM ± IL-1β), at day (D) 0, D3, D7 and D10. Mice were intranasally (i.n.) challenged with HDM every day from D9 to D12 to induce allergic asthma, and analysed at D13. d ELISA measurement of TSLP protein levels in 30 μm-LMP ears co-administrated with recombinant IL-1β or PBS (n = 4 mice). e Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for MBP or MCPT8 on ear sections. Black arrows point to one of the positive signals. Scale bar = 50 μm for all pictures. f Comparison of CXCR5+PD1+ Tfh cells, GL7+Fas+ GC B cells, IgE+ B and IgG1+ B cells in EDLNs (n = 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4 mice). g Serum levels of HDM-specific IgG1 and IgE in HDM-treated mice (n = 5, 5, 6, 4 mice). Graphs in b, d, f show mean ± SEM. Two-sided Student’s t-test. Graphs in g show median. Two-sided Mann–Whitney rank sum test. All data are representative of two independent experiments with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.