Fig. 4. Co-administration of IL-1β exacerbates e.c. HDM-induced asthmatic inflammation in a TSLP-independent manner.

a Total cell number in BAL fluid. b Cell number of eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages in BAL fluid. For a, b n = 4, 5, 3, 3, 3, 4 mice. c Quantitative RT-PCR analyses of BAL cells (n = 3, 4, 3, 3, 3, 4 mice). Graphs in a–c show mean ± SEM. Two-sided Student’s t-test. d Lung sections were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E), analysed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for MBP or MCPT8 (stained as dark red, pointed by black arrows), or by Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining (stained as purple). B: bronchiole. V: blood vessel. Scale bar = 50 μm for all pictures. All data are representative of three independent experiments with similar results. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.