Table 1.
Characteristics of the 4038 participants included at baseline and according to the employment status over a 3 years of follow-up
| Total | Included participants | Studentc | Other | Missingd | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Employeda | Unemployedb | |||||
| Categorical variables | 4038 (100) N (%) |
1427 (100) N (%) |
1242 (87.0) N (%) |
185 (13.0) N (%) |
1376 (34.1) N (%) |
70 (1.7) N (%) |
1165 (28.9) N (%) |
| Tobacco use | |||||||
| Non-smoker | 2964 (66.7) | 964 (67.5) | 850 (68.4) | 113 (61.1) | 991 (72.0) | 42 (60.0) | 698 (59.9) |
| Former smoker | 391 (9.7) | 138 (9.7) | 118 (9.5) | 20 (10.8) | 131 (9.5) | 9 (12.9) | 113 (9.7) |
| Current light smoker | 643 (15.9) | 212 (14.8) | 176 (14.2) | 36 (19.4) | 191 (13.9) | 14 (20.0) | 226 (19.4) |
| Current moderate Smoker | 273 (6.7) | 103 (7.2) | 91 (7.3) | 12 (6.5) | 53 (3.9) | 5 (7.1) | 112 (9.6) |
| Current heavy smoker | 37 (1) | 11 (0.8) | 7 (0.6) | 4 (2.2) | 10 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (1.4) |
| Cannabis consumption | |||||||
| Never used | 1889 (46.8) | 686 (48.1) | 606 (48.8) | 80 (43.2) | 687 (49.9) | 25 (35.7) | 491 (42.2) |
| No consumption during the last 12 months | 801 (19.8) | 310 (21.7) | 274 (22.0) | 36 (19.5) | 242 (17.6) | 17 (24.3) | 232 (19.9) |
| At least once during the last 12 months but less than once a month | 574 (14.2) | 186 (13.0) | 162 (13.0) | 24 (13.0) | 223 (16.2) | 10 (14.3) | 155 (13.3) |
| At least once a month but less than once per week | 332 (8.2) | 115 (8.1) | 100 (8.1) | 15 (8.1) | 104 (7.6) | 8 (11.4) | 105 (9.0) |
| Once per week or more | 442 (11.0) | 130 (9.1) | 100 (8.1) | 30 (16.2) | 120 (8.7) | 10 (14.3) | 182 (15.6) |
| AUDIT Scoree | |||||||
| 0 | 274 (6.8) | 70 (4.9) | 55 (4.4) | 15 (8.1) | 78 (5.7) | 3 (4.3) | 123 (10.6) |
| 1–7 | 2623 (64.9) | 983 (69.0) | 871 (70.1) | 112 (60.5) | 920 (66.9) | 41 (58.6) | 678 (58.2) |
| > 7 | 1141 (28.3) | 373 (26.1) | 316 (25.5) | 58 (31.4) | 378 (27.4) | 26 (37.1) | 364 (31.2) |
| Alcohol frequency of usef | |||||||
| [0–2] | 1329 (32.9) | 464 (32.5) | 400 (32.2) | 64 (34.6) | 468 (34.0) | 20 (28.5) | 377 (32.4) |
| [3–5] | 1184 (29.3) | 535 (37.5) | 474 (38.2) | 61 (33.0) | 511 (37.1) | 22 (31.5) | 422 (36.2) |
| [6 +] | 916 (22.7) | 428 (30.0) | 368 (29.6) | 60 (32.4) | 397 (28.9) | 28 (40.0) | 366 (31.4) |
| Alcohol dependenceg | |||||||
| 0 | 1938 (48.0) | 703 (49.3) | 618 (49.8) | 85 (46.0) | 672 (48.8) | 28 (40.0) | 535 (45.9) |
| [1, 2] | 1184 (29.3) | 435 (30.5) | 380 (30.6) | 55 (29.7) | 398 (28.9) | 24 (34.3) | 327 (28.1) |
| [3 +] | 916 (22.7) | 289 (20.2) | 244 (19.6) | 45 (24.3) | 306 (22.2) | 18 (25.7) | 303 (26.0) |
| Gender | |||||||
| Men | 1481 (36.7) | 455 (31.9) | 396 (31.9) | 59 (31.9) | 514 (37.4) | 31 (44.3) | 481 (41.5) |
| Women | 2557 (63.3) | 972 (68.1) | 846 (68.1) | 126 (68.1) | 862 (62.6) | 39 (55.7) | 684 (58.7) |
| Educationh | |||||||
| Early childhood or primary | 21 (0.5) | 5 (0.3) | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | 7 (0.5) | 2 (2.9) | 7 (0.6) |
| Lower secondary | 130 (3.2) | 29 (2.0) | 17 (1.4) | 12 (6.5) | 52 (3.8) | 1 (1.4) | 48 (4.1) |
| Upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary | 2235 (55.3) | 652 (45.7) | 562 (45.2) | 90 (48.5) | 929 (67.5) | 37 (52.9) | 617 (53.0) |
| Short-cycle tertiary or bachelor’s | 1246 (30.9) | 535 (37.5) | 469 (37.8) | 66 (35.7) | 335 (24.3) | 20 (28.5) | 356 (30.6) |
| Master’s or doctoral | 406 (10.1) | 206 (14.5) | 190 (15.3) | 16 (8.6) | 53 (3.9) | 10 (14.3) | 137 (11.7) |
| Living place | |||||||
| With parents | 2116 (52.4) | 718 (50.3) | 615 (49.5) | 103 (55.7) | 820 (59.6) | 31 (44.3) | 547 (47.0) |
| Others | 1922 (47.6) | 709 (49.7) | 627 (50.5) | 82 (44.3) | 556 (40.4) | 39 (55.7) | 618 (53.0) |
| Depressive statei | |||||||
| No | 3217 (79.7) | 1174 (82.3) | 1051 (84.6) | 123 (66.5) | 1123 (81.6) | 51 (72.9) | 869 (74.6) |
| Yes | 821 (20.3) | 253 (17.7) | 191 (15.4) | 62 (33.5) | 253 (18.4) | 19 (27.1) | 296 (25.4) |
| Continuous variables | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 21.4 (2.4) | 21.9 (2.3) | 22.0 (2.4) | 21.8 (2.3) | 20.5 (1.8) | 21.5 (2.4) | 21.7 (2.4) |
| Area deprivation indexj | − 0.9 (1.7) | − 0.9 (1.7) | − 0.9 (1.7) | − 0.8 (1.5) | − 0.9 (1.7) | 0.7 (1.6) | − 0.8 (1.7) |
aParticipants who replied “employed” at least once over the 3 years of follow-up
bParticipants who replied at least once “unemployed job seeking” over the 3 years of follow-up and never “employed”
cParticipants who only replied “student” over the 3 years of follow-up
dParticipants who never reported their employment status over the 3 years of follow-up
eAlcohol Use Disorders Identification Test to evaluate alcohol use
fAUDIT sub-score for frequency of use by adding the scores of the first 3 items
gAUDIT sub-score for alcohol dependence by adding the score of items 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10
hBased on the International Standard Classification of Education
iMeasured using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD) and a score ≥ 19
jRepresenting spatial socioeconomic disparities