Table 11.

Association between alcohol use and employment status over a 3 years of follow-up by differentiating between frequency of use and dependence (n = 1427)

Being unemployed over 3 years of follow-up
	Model 1a			Model 2b			Model 3c
	OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI
Alcohol frequency of used
[0–2]	Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–
[3–5]	0.82	0.59	1.12	0.87	0.63	1.21	0.84	0.60	1.17
[6 +]	0.74	0.52	1.05	0.84	0.98	1.20	0.82	0.57	1.16
Alcohol dependencee
[0]	Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–
[1–2]	1.24	0.91	1.69	1.21	0.89	1.64	1.18	0.86	1.60
[3 +]	1.80	1.27	2.54	1.74	1.23	2.46	1.65	1.16	2.34
Years of follow-up	0.75	0.66	0.85	0.75	0.66	0.86	0.76	0.66	0.87
Age				1.10	1.03	1.17	1.08	1.01	1.15
Gender
Men				Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–
Women				0.96	0.73	1.25	0.87	0.66	1.13
Education levelf				0.60	0.49	0.74	0.63	0.52	0.78
Area deprivation indexg				0.99	0.92	1.07	0.99	0.92	1.07
Living place
With parents				Ref	–	–	Ref	–	–
Other				0.85	0.66	1.09	0.85	0.66	1.09
Depressive stateh
No							Ref	–	–
Yes							2.11	1.58	2.83

^aUnivariate analysis adjusted to years of follow-up

^bAdjusted for sociodemographic factors

^cAdjusted for sociodemographic factors and depressive state

^dAUDIT sub-score for frequency of use by adding the scores of the first 3 items

^eAUDIT sub-score for alcohol dependence by adding the score of items 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10

^fBased on the International Standard Classification of Education

^gRepresenting spatial socioeconomic disparities

^hMeasured using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD) and a score ≥ 19