Table 3.
Associated factors of carotid plaque presence and TPA in the univariate analysis.
| Risk factors | CP, n (%)/means (SD) | P-value |
TPA median (IQR)/β (95%CI) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | ||||
| Sex | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Women | 1349 (64.2) | 752 (38.5) | 12.45 (15.76) | ||
| Men | 738 (49.8) | 744 (50.2) | 18.40 (23.10) | ||
| Age group | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 45~54 years | 861 (76.9) | 259 (23.1) | 10.21 (10.52) | ||
| 55~64 years | 784 (55.6) | 626 (44.4) | 14.71 (16.94) | ||
| ≥65 years | 442 (42.0) | 611 (58.0) | 18.91 (25.91) | ||
| Education | <0.001 | 0.039 | |||
| 0 years | 327 (51.7) | 305 (48.3) | 16.00 (23.83) | ||
| Elementary school | 881 (54.9) | 723 (45.1) | 15.64 (20.88) | ||
| Above elementary school | 879 (65.3) | 468 (34.7) | 14.22 (15.82) | ||
| Smoking status | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Never smoking | 1632 (60.7) | 1056 (39.3) | 14.08 (19.02) | ||
| Now or ever smoking | 455 (50.8) | 440 (49.2) | 16.95 (21.96) | ||
| Alcohol consumption | 0.81 | 0.154 | |||
| Never drinking | 1774 (58.8) | 1245 (41.2) | 14.88 (19.26) | ||
| Now or ever drinking | 313 (55.5) | 251 (44.5) | 16.06 (20.61) | ||
| MetS | 0.102 | 0.179 | |||
| Yes | 1119 (57.3) | 835 (42.7) | 15.29 (20.29) | ||
| No | 968 (59.4) | 661 (40.6) | 15.12 (19.00) | ||
| Single components of MetS | |||||
| Raised BP | 1621 (55.5) | 1298 (44.5) | <0.001 | 15.64 (20.49) | <0.001 |
| Raised FPG | 999 (55.4) | 805 (44.6) | <0.001 | 15.81 (21.04) | 0.007 |
| Reduced HDL-C | 619 (61.2) | 393 (38.8) | 0.014 | 14.59 (17.22) | 0.807 |
| Raised TG | 764 (57.7) | 559 (42.3) | 0.333 | 14.90 (19.35) | 0.986 |
| Abdominal obesity | 546 (52.4) | 495 (47.6) | <0.001 | 14.37 (18.70) | 0.033 |
| Num. of components of MetS | 0.424 | 0.395 | |||
| <3 | 968 (59.4) | 661 (40.6) | 15.12 (19.00) | ||
| 3–4 | 946 (57.3) | 704 (42.7) | 15.35 (20.61) | ||
| 5 | 173 (56.9) | 131 (43.1) | 14.31 (17.14) | ||
| LDL-C | 2.42 (1.02) | 3.08 (1.45) | <0.001 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | 0.240 |