Fig. 1.

Clinical manifestations in CV-A10-infected rhesus macaques. Eleven 3- to 4-month-old rhesus macaques were labeled and grouped as follows: A1, A2, A3, and A4 in the respiratory tract group, labeled RI; B1, B2, B3, and B4 in the digestive tract group, labeled DI; and C1, C2, and C3 in the control group, labeled CG. Rhesus macaques in RI and DI groups were infected with CV-A10 (10⁵ CCID₅₀/monkey) via respiratory tract or digestive tract respectively. The three rhesus monkeys in GC group were not treated. A Ulcerated blisters with red, swollen lesions on the hands and feet and in the mouth of an infected rhesus macaque at 3–6 ​d.p.i., which are typical symptoms associated with HFMD. B Observed changes in the body weights of rhesus macaques. C Hematological changes, including leukocytes (WBC), lymphocytes (LYMPH), monocytes (MONO) and neutrophils (NEUT), in CV-A10-infected rhesus macaques were monitored using the flow cytometry (FCM) method.