Figure 6.

Effects of TOR inhibition on autophagy in M. hupehensis plants under low N stress. (A) Changes in the transcription level of apple autophagy-related genes under low N stress with different concentrations of AZD8055. MDH was used as internal control to normalize the relative expression levels of all ATG genes. Expression in the NC group was set to 1. Data are mean ± standard error of four replicate samples. (B) Representative transmission electron microscope images of autophagic structures in mesophyll cells from plants in the 0A, 1A, 10A, and NC groups. Autophagosomes are indicated by black arrows. Scale bars: 2 μm. (C) Relative autophagic activity of plants shown in (B). More than 10 cells were used to quantify structures; data are mean ± standard error of 10 replicate samples. Different lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences between treatments according to Tukey’s multiple range test (P < .05).