Study ID	Objective	Inclusion criteria
		Population	Intervention	Planned comparisons
Chua 2015	To assess the overall effects of treatment with beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists in adults with OAB	Men and women from any ethnic origin, diagnosed with OAB of either neurogenic or non‐neurogenic aetiology	Any beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonist	Beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists vs placebo or no treatment Beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists vs conservative physical treatments Beta‐3 adrenoceptor agonists vs anticholinergic/antimuscarinic drugs Beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists vs intravesical onabotulinum toxin A injection Beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists vs electrical stimulation 1 dose regimen of a beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonist vs another 1 frequency of administration of a beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonist vs another 1 route of administration of a beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonist vs another 1 type of beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonist vs another agonist vs electrical stimulation
Cotterill 2018	To assess the effects of conservative interventions for urinary or faecal incontinence (or both) in adults with multiple sclerosis, compared to no treatment, sham and usual care, any other active treatment, or another conservative treatment.	Men and women aged > 18 years with existing urinary, faecal or anal incontinence (or a combination of these), with a clinical diagnosis of relapsing/remitting, primary or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis	Conservative treatments PFMT programme Weighted vaginal cones Electrical stimulation Posterior tibial nerve stimulation Magnetic stimulation Biofeedback Lifestyle interventions such as diet and behaviour choices Scheduled voiding and bowel management regimens Rectal irrigation Intermittent catheter use	Conservative treatment vs no treatment Conservative treatment vs sham treatment Conservative treatment vs usual care Conservative treatment vs pharmacological treatment Conservative treatment vs surgical treatment Conservative treatment vs any other conservative treatment
French 2010	To determine whether combinations of conservative interventions for UUI, SUI, or MUI reduce the number of people with UI compared with no treatment/usual care, or another intervention	Adults (as defined by study authors) diagnosed either by symptom, sign, or urodynamic study as having any type of UI, excluding people with short‐term incontinence for physiological reasons, e.g. within 1 year of urological surgery or childbirth	Conservative interventions	Combined conservative intervention vs no active treatment Combined conservative intervention vs another single active treatment 1 combined conservative intervention vs another combined active conservative treatment
Funada 2020	To assess the effects of bladder training for treating adults with OAB and summarise the principal findings of relevant economic evaluations of this intervention.	Men and women with non‐neurogenic OAB	Bladder training for treating OAB	Bladder training vs no treatment Bladder training vs anticholinergics Bladder training vs beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists Bladder training vs PFMT Bladder training + anticholinergics vs anticholinergics alone Bladder training + beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists vs beta‐3‐adrenoceptor agonists alone Bladder training + PFMT vs PFMT alone
Hargreaves 2020	"To assess the effects of acupuncture for treating OAB in adults; and summarise the principal findings of relevant economic evaluations."	"We will include studies of adults aged over 18 years with a diagnosis of OAB that fits the criteria defined by the International Continence Society…"	"acupuncture interventions intended to treat the symptoms of OAB that involve needle insertion at defined acupuncture points. This includes body acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, auricular acupuncture, and electro‐acupuncture."	Acupuncture vs no treatment Acupuncture vs sham acupuncture Acupuncture vs conservative treatments (including bladder retraining, fluid management, pelvic floor rehabilitation, weight loss, and smoking cessation) Acupuncture vs medication for OAB
Hajebrahimi 2015	To determine the effects of non‐drug treatment for LUTS in women with voiding dysfunction.	Women aged > 18 years experiencing LUTS of voiding dysfunction (difficulty voiding), who find them bothersome and seek treatment from voiding dysfunction	Conservative treatments, including PFMT with or without biofeedback, bladder training, behavioural modification, bladder reflex triggering and bladder expression, and pessaries for pelvic organ prolapse Vaginal pessaries for pelvic organ prolapse Electrical or magnetic stimulation, sacral nerve neuromodulation Catheterisation Surgical management	Conservative non‐drug treatment vs control or no treatment Electrical or magnetic stimulation vs control or no treatment Catheterisation vs another conservative non‐drug treatment Surgical management vs control or no treatment 1 conservative non‐drug treatment vs another
Khazali 2016 (WITHDRAWN)	To determine the effectiveness of electromagnetic treatment in the management of urinary incontinence in adults.	Men and women with urinary incontinence regardless of type of incontinence or criteria for diagnosis	Electromagnetic treatment. The terms functional extracorporeal magnetic stimulation, functional magnetic stimulation, extracorporeal magnetic innervation, electromagnetic pelvic floor stimulation, extracorporeal magnetic stimulation or any other term used to describe the use of electromagnetic waves to treat incontinence will be assumed to be synonymous with electromagnetic treatment.	Electromagnetic treatment vs no treatment Electromagnetic treatment vs placebo Electromagnetic treatment vs any other single treatment Electromagnetic treatment vs any combination of treatments Electromagnetic treatment + any other treatment(s) vs that treatment (or combination of treatments) alone
Lane 2020	To assess the effects of vaginal lasers for treating SUI in women and summarise the principal findings of relevant economic evaluations.	Women with SUI	Vaginal lasers	Vaginal lasers vs sham or usual care Vaginal lasers vs topical treatments (such as topical oestrogen)
Lins 2014	To determine the effects of PFMT against other single treatment modalities in the management of female SUI, MUI and UUI	Women diagnosed with SUI, UUI or MUI on the basis of symptoms, signs or urodynamic evaluation	PFMT – a programme of repeated voluntary pelvic floor muscle contractions taught or supervised (or both) by a healthcare professional. All types of PFMT programmes are to be considered. PFMT may be combined with biofeedback, if they use biofeedback for the purpose of teaching a pelvic floor muscle contraction or for reinforcement.	PFMT vs lifestyle intervention, based on structured and supervised programme PFMT vs weighted vaginal cones PFMT vs mechanical intervention PFMT vs behavioural and psychological therapy PFMT vs non‐invasive electrical or magnetic stimulation PFMT vs drug therapy PFMT vs surgery PFMT vs any other stand‐alone active treatment as reported by individual trials
Ostaszkiewicz 2013	To determine the effectiveness of toileting assistance programmes for managing UI in adults.	Men and women, with or without cognitive impairment, diagnosed as having UI as defined by study authors, either by symptom classification or urodynamic study.	Toileting assistance programme – the intervention must include the presence of a fixed or individualised voiding interval and the use of carers or staff to verbally prompt or physically assist the person to use the toilet	Toileting assistance programme vs usual care Toileting assistance programme + another management option vs usual care Toileting assistance programme vs another management option Toileting assistance programme + another management option vs a toileting assistance programme alone Toileting assistance programme + another management option vs that option alone 1 form of toileting assistance programme vs another form of toileting assistance programme
Reynard 2016 (WITHDRAWN)	To determine the effects of conservative (non‐surgical, non‐pharmacological) management of nocturia in adults.	Men and women with nocturia confirmed by questionnaire or frequency/volume chart, or both	Any non‐surgical, non‐pharmacological treatment option that could be used for the treatment of nocturia	Conservative management vs no intervention or a placebo/sham intervention 1 conservative management vs another conservative management Conservative management vs drug
Yi 2014	To determine the effectiveness and safety of drugs to treat LUTS in women with voiding dysfunction.	Participants with a definite diagnosis of voiding dysfunction according to the International Urogynecological Association or the International Continence Society terminology report (Haylen 2010), or reasonable clinical criteria for the diagnosis of voiding dysfunction.	Any pharmacological treatment	Drugs vs placebo or no treatment 1 class of drug vs another class of drug 1 dose of drug vs another 1 frequency of administration of a drug vs another 1 route of administration of a drug vs another Drugs vs conservative physical treatments Drugs vs catheters Drugs vs electrical stimulation
LUTS: lower urinary tract symptoms; MUI: mixed urinary incontinence; OAB: overactive bladder; PFMT: pelvic floor muscle training; SUI: stress urinary incontinence; UUI: urgency urinary incontinence.