TABLE 2.
Vitamin C (primary exposure) and risk of gout1
| Vitamin C | Placebo | Vitamin C vs. placebo | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n Events/n participants | Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | n Events/n participants | Incidence rate (per 1000 person-years) | HR (95%CI) | P | |
| Vitamin C vs. placebo | 454/7329 | 8.0 | 517/7312 | 9.1 | 0.88 (0.77, 0.99) | 0.04 |
| Vitamin C vs. placebo, excluding prevalent gout | 262/6865 | 4.8 | 290/6823 | 5.4 | 0.90 (0.76, 1.07) | 0.23 |
1
HRs were generated using Cox proportional hazards models that included age at randomization, recruitment source (prior PHS I or newly recruited PHS II participant), β-carotene assignment, multivitamin assignment, and vitamin C or E assignment. Models included baseline gout status as a stratification term. PHS, Physicians’ Health Study.