Table 1.
Mean scores (and standard deviations) for background measures. Low and High proficiency groups were created by averaging across non-English proficiency scores in speaking, understanding, reading, and writing and then doing a median split.
| Overall | Low Proficiency | High Proficiency | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 44 | 22 | 22 |
| Number of males | 19 | 10 | 9 |
| Age in years | 21.0 (2.5) | 20.5 (2.5) | 21.5 (2.5) |
| Shipley Vocabulary | 101.5 (9.5) | 102.0 (8.7) | 101.0 (10.5) |
| Shipley Reasoning | 100.2 (12.1) | 98.7 (14.6) | 101.6 (9.0) |
| SES (parents’ education /5) | 3.4 (1.1) | 3.2 (1.0) | 3.7 (1.2) |
| English Proficiency (/100) | 94.3 (10.5) | 96.9 (6.8) | 91.7 (12.8) |
| Non-English Proficiency (/100) | 43.3 (36.8) | 10.8 (12.2) | 75.7 (20.5) |
| Non-English Usage (/4) | 0.83 (0.9) | 0.2 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.8) |
| Non-English Switching (/4) | 1.1 (1.2) | 0.2 (0.5) | 2.1 (0.9) |
| FS: Non-English Home | 5 (2) | 3.2 (0.5) | 6.8 (1.0) |
| Use/Proficiency | |||
| FS: Non-English Social Use | 5 (2) | 3.9 (0.4) | 6.1 (2.4) |
| Age of L2 Acquisition | 5.9 (4.2) | 9.1 (3.1) | 4.0 (3.6) |