TABLE II.

Applications of PCs and P-EVs in oral soft tissue regeneration.

Material		Comparisons	Effect of PCs	References
Treatment of gingival recession
PRP	PRP + CTG vs CTG		Additional application of PRP reduces vertical recession depth and PD, improves CAL.	119
	PRP + CAF			120
	PRP + CTG			121
PRF	PRF + CAF		Significantly improves PD and CAL, increases gingival thickness and improves root coverage.	122
	PRF + CAF vs CAF			123, 124
	PRF + CAF vs CAF + CTG			125
CGF	CGF vs CTG + CAF		Increases the width of keratinized tissue	127
	CGF + CAF vs CAF			128
	CGF + CAF vs PRF + CAF			129
P-EVs	P-EVs		Promotes regeneration of gingival keratinocytes and granulocytes, enhances gene expression during gingival healing.	130
Periodontal soft tissue regeneration
PRP	PRP + OFD		Combining with PRP increases CAL, reduces PD.	131, 132
	PRP + bone mineral + GTR vs bone mineral + GTR			102
	PRP + β-TCP + GTR vs β-TCP + GTR			103
	PRP vs PRP + collagen sponge			134
PRF	PRF + OFD vs OFD		Increases CAL, reduces PD.	135
	PRF + demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft vs demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft			136
	PRF gel vs PRF gel + PRF membrane vs OFD		PRF alone promotes PD reduction and CAL gain.	137
	PRF vs OFD
				138
CGF	CGF		CGF alone promotes PD reduction, CAL gain.	115
	CGF vs CGF + demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft
				116
P-EVs	P-EVs		Promotes angiogenesis, epithelial formation and wound healing.	13, 142
Soft tissue augmentation around implants
PRP	PRP		Promotes wound healing after implantation.	89, 144
PRF	PRF		Increases peri-implant soft tissue thickness and keratinized tissue width.	145
	PRF vs CTG			146
	PRF vs OFD			147
	PRF vs free gingival graft			148
PRF	PRF		Almost negligible effect on thickening of the tissue around the neck implant.	93, 149