Table 3.
Effects of BP model and drug treatments on brain activity, depressive behavior assessed with the FST, manic behavior assessed with the OFA, and cognitive function assessed with the NOR task.
Group | dlPFC Ca2+ activity | FST immobility, s | OFA pathlength, m | NOR, novel time % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Depression phase | ||||
Naive | 122.11 ± 0.97 | 28.22 ± 0.66 | – | 85.99 ± 2.10 |
Untreated | 28.04 ± 2.75 | 105.32 ± 10.12 | – | 49.87 ± 2.03 |
Li | 90.60 ± 3.38 | 76.48 ± 2.00 | – | 60.23 ± 1.17 |
LTG-Li | 69.17 ± 2.23 | 44.23 ± 1.20 | – | 47.58 ± 2.59 |
LTG | 50.64 ± 1.45 | 66.83 ± 1.25 | – | 38.29 ± 1.33 |
LTG-VPA | 29.20 ± 1.88 | 67.17 ± 0.85 | – | 28.57 ± 1.24 |
VPA | 52.33 ± 2.37 | 100.56 ± 2.11 | – | 42.00 ± 2.66 |
Manic phase | ||||
Naive | 124.52 ± 4.00 | – | 26.89 ± 1.23 | 84.16 ± 1.78 |
Untreated | 85.03 ± 3.55 | – | 52.21 ± 1.85 | 51.23 ± 1.24 |
Li | 54.55 ± 1.00? | – | 38.20 ± 2.05 | 39.77 ± 0.53 |
VPA | 48.22 ± 0.55 | – | 32.15 ± 1.33 | 41.59 ± 1.79 |
BP bipolar disorder, FST forced swim test, OFA open field activity, NOR novel object recognition, dlPFC dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, Li lithium, LTG lamotrigine, VPA valproate.