Table 1.

Demographic and medical characteristics

Medical characteristics upon admission to ICU
Age (yr)	62 [51–69]
Sex (F/M)	20/40
BMI (kg.m−2)	27 [22–30]
SAPS II score	36 [28–44]
SOFA score	6 [4–8]
Reason for admission to the ICU
Liver transplant, n (%)	18 (30%)
Post-operative, n (%)	17 (28%)
ARDS, n (%)	6 (10%)
Hemorrhagic shock, n (%)	5 (8%)
Septic shock, n (%)	4 (7%)
Others, n (%)	10 (17%)
Characteristics upon enrolment into the study
RASS level	0 [0–0]
CAM-ICU negative, n (%)	60 (100%)
Length of stay in ICU before enrollment (days)	2.7 [1.1–3.6]
Invasive mechanical ventilation before enrollment, n (%)	36 (60%)
Time between extubation and enrollment (hours)	25 [14–42]
Sedation before enrollment, n (%)	36 (60%)
Number of tubes or catheters at inclusion	4 [2–5]
Medical characteristics of patients on the first relaxation session
Mechanical ventilation, n (%)	1 (2%)
Non-invasive ventilation, n (%)	2 (3%)
High flow nasal oxygen therapy, n (%)	18 (30%)
Dialysis, n (%)	2 (3%)
Vasopressors, n (%)	7 (12%)
Sedation at enrollment, n (%)	0 (0%)
Analgesic administration at enrollment, n (%)	45 (75%)
Acetaminophen, n (%)	19 (32%)
Nefopam, n (%)	38 (63%)
Tramadol, n (%)	32 (53%)
Major opioid, n (%)	2 (3%)
Epidural analgesia, n (%)	3 (5%)
Anxiolytic administration at enrollment, n (%)	16 (27%)
Patients’ outcomes
Length of stay in ICU (days)	8.0 [5.2–12.1]
Mortality in ICU, n (%)	3 (5%)
Total length of stay in hospital (days)	21.8 [12.6–39.3]
Total mortality in hospital, n (%)	7 (12%)

Continuous data are expressed in median [25th–75th percentiles].

BMI Body mass index; SAPS II Simplified acute physiology score II; SOFA Sequential organ failure assessment score; RASS Richmond agitation-sedation scale; CAM-ICU Confusion assessment method for the ICU; ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome