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. 2022 Sep 4;20:396. doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03596-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Illustration of the systematic validation of the IVF–NICS assay. Two parts were included. The left panel shows the clinical work, which includes the sperm culture medium WGA and NICS detection and concordance evaluation. The right panel shows clinical work, and a total of 161 embryos were assessed using both the NICS and TE biopsy samples from 25 IVF patients