Table 3.
Stratified analysis of pooled OR of six forms of child mortality across selected characteristics
| Characteristics |
Stillbirths |
Perinatal mortality |
Neonatal mortality |
Infant mortality |
Child mortality |
Under-five mortality |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
Pooled OR (95%, CI)
|
Heterogeneity, P value
|
Meta-regression, P value
|
|
|
Sample size
| ||||||||||||||||||
| ≤21 816 |
2.20 (1.13-4.29) |
<0.05 |
0.845 |
1.84 (1.02-3.34) |
<0.05 |
0.781 |
1.69 (1.40-2.04) |
<0.01 |
<0.05 |
1.74 (1.42-2.14) |
0.227 |
0.253 |
1.02 (0.42-2.51) |
<0.01 |
0.033 |
2.02 (1.09-3.75) |
<0.01 |
0.912 |
| >21 816 |
1.93 (1.20-3.10)* |
NA |
|
1.66 (1.15-2.39) |
<0.01 |
|
1.97 (1.88-2.07) |
<0.01 |
|
1.95 (1.81-2.11) |
<0.05 |
|
1.91 (1.49-2.45) |
<0.01 |
|
1.93 (1.63-2.28) |
<0.01 |
|
|
Confounders
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted |
2.61 (1.91-3.57) |
0.295 |
<0.01 |
2.58 (1.61-4.13)* |
NA |
0.154 |
1.74 (1.49-2.03) |
<0.01 |
0.463 |
2.12 (1.57-2.88) |
0.131 |
0.636 |
1.42 (1.15-1.75)* |
NA |
0.686 |
1.80 (1.65-1.97) |
0.474 |
0.830 |
| Unadjusted |
1.27 (0.89-1.82)* |
NA |
|
1.58 (1.21-2.06) |
<0.01 |
|
1.90 (1.66-2.17) |
<0.01 |
|
1.90 (1.75-2.07) |
<0.05 |
|
1.72 (1.24-2.38) |
<0.01 |
|
2.01 (1.36-2.97) |
<0.01 |
|
|
Study design
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Prospective cohort |
0 |
|
|
2.58 (1.61-4.13)* |
NA |
|
1.10 (0.80-1.51)* |
NA |
|
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
|
| Cross-sectional |
1.96 (1.13-3.39) |
<0.05 |
0.522 |
1.58 (1.21-2.06) |
<0.01 |
0.154 |
1.90 (1.73-2.08) |
<0.01 |
<0.05 |
1.90 (1.77-2.05) |
<0.05 |
0.076 |
1.67 (1.27-2.19) |
<0.01 |
<0.01 |
1.94 (1.53-2.39) |
<0.01 |
0.869 |
| Case-control |
2.99 (1.35-6.62)* |
NA |
|
0 |
|
|
0 |
|
|
3.57 (1.82-7.01)* |
NA |
|
0 |
|
|
2.08 (1.22-3.57)* |
NA |
|
|
Study setting
| ||||||||||||||||||
| National |
1.93 (1.20-3.10)* |
NA |
0.845 |
1.99 (1.68-2.35)* |
NA |
0.418 |
1.91 (1.73-2.10) |
<0.01 |
0.082 |
1.94 (1.82-2.07) |
0.118 |
0.354 |
1.72 (1.24-2.38) |
<0.01 |
0.686 |
1.87 (1.46-2.39) |
<0.01 |
0.383 |
| Regional | 2.20 (1.13-4.29) | <0.05 | 1.59 (1.18-2.15)* | <0.01 | 1.56 (1.10-2.20) | <0.01 | 2.17 (0.92-5.11) | <0.05 | 1.42 (1.15-1.75)* | NA | 2.46 (1.69-3.59) | <0.01 | ||||||
OR – odds ratio, CI – confidence interval, NA – not applicable
*Odds ratio for single study.