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DNA-cGAS-STING-mediated inflammation. Endogenous or exogenous DNA leads to cGAS activation, which catalyzes the production of cGAMP. Activated STING induced by cGAMP not only triggers the activation of TBK1-IRF3 and NF-κB which induce the transcription of IFNs and inflammatory factors, but also prompts NLRP3 inflammasome activation through lysosomal rupture-induced K+ efflux.
