Table 2.
Meta-analysis investigated the association between cytokines and OS.
| Cytokines | Studies (n) | HR (95% CI) | p-value | I 2 (%) | p-value Egger’s test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate Analysis | |||||
| IL-1β | 3 | 0.60 (0.33, 1.09) | 0.09 | 0 | 0.11 |
| IL-2 | 3 | 0.60 (0.38, 0.94) | 0.02 | 0 | 0.14 |
| IL-4 | 2 | 0.96 (0.49, 1.88) | 0.90 | 49 | 0.12 |
| IL-5 | 3 | 0.77 (0.44, 1.34) | 0.36 | 0 | 0.17 |
| IL-6 | 9 | 2.53 (2.21, 2.89) | <0.00001 | 13 | 0.89 |
| IL-8 | 9 | 2.17 (1.98, 2.38) | <0.00001 | 36 | 0.61 |
| IL-10 | 3 | 1.61 (0.91, 2.83) | 0.10 | 0 | 0.32 |
| TNF-α | 4 | 1.44 (0.66, 3.14) | 0.35 | 60 | 0.66 |
| Multivariable Analysis | |||||
| IL-6 | 8 | 2.21 (1.67, 2.93) | <0.00001 | 85 | 0.00 |
| IL-8 | 2 | 1.88 (1.70, 2.07) | <0.00001 | 0 | 0.68 |
| IL-15 | 2 | 1.77 (1.08, 1.32) | 0.0006 | 30 | 0.64 |
IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.