TABLE 5.
New technology, intellectual property, and factors that promote the development of biopharmaceuticals.
| Variable | Categories | Freq. (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Intellectual property department | Yes | 60 (77.9) |
| No | 17 (22.1) | |
| Intellectual property strategic management framework | Yes | 65 (84.4) |
| No | 12 (15.6) | |
| Proposals for new technologies or projects | Yes | 68 (88.3) |
| No | 9 (11.7) | |
| Type of proposed objectives a | Develop new products | 61 (89.7) |
| Upgrade existing products or technologies | 50 (73.5) | |
| Improve product quality | 43 (63.2) | |
| Reduce manufacturing cost | 36 (52.9) | |
| Other | 2 (2.9) | |
| Drug candidate R&D stage | Preclinical study | 38 (55.9) |
| Clinically approved | 10 (14.7) | |
| Clinical study | 13 (19.1) | |
| Production approval/New drug certificate | 9 (13.2) | |
| Planned strategy toward R&D objectives | Self-development | 28 (41.2) |
| Cooperative development | 27 (39.7) | |
| Commissioned development | 7 (10.3) | |
| Technology transfer | 9 (13.2) | |
| Proposed investment estimate in new projects or technology (Chinese yuan) | <1 million | 1 (1.5) |
| 1–5 million | 15 (22.1) | |
| 5–10 million | 15 (22.1) | |
| >10 million | 37 (54.4) | |
| Need for professional capacity building from outsourced agencies | Yes | 47 (61.0) |
| No | 30 (39.0) | |
| Expected service needing outsourcing a | Policy consultation | 34 (72.3) |
| Legal advice | 20 (42.6) | |
| Management consultation | 11 (23.4) | |
| Technology assessment | 28 (59.6) | |
| Technical brokerage | 11 (23.4) | |
| Technology investment and financing | 16 (34.0) | |
| Property rights transaction | 10 (21.3) | |
| Scientific research service | 23 (48.9) | |
| Commissioned development | 27 (57.5) |
a
Multiple responses