Table 2.
Comparison of clinical data between male and female patients.
| Male, n = 72 | Female, n = 48 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.5 [64.0–76.0] | 74.0 [69.0–80.0] | 0.005** |
| Body weight (kg) | 65.9 ± 13.2 | 52.0 ± 10.6 | <0.001*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4 [21.7–26.4] | 23.5 ± 3.9 | 0.528 |
| Hand-grip strength (kgf) | 26.7 ± 8.4 | 16.5 ± 5.1 | <0.001*** |
| Walking speed (m/s) | 0.99 ± 0.32 | 0.83 ± 0.28 | 0.019* |
| Knee extension strength (kgf) | 24.2 ± 10.1 | 16.6 ± 7.4 | <0.001*** |
| MTH (cm) | 2.36 ± 0.80 | 2.15 ± 0.65 | 0.211 |
| Skeletal muscle mass (kg) | 24.7 ± 4.1 | 16.8 ± 3.0 | <0.001*** |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 7.15 ± 1.21 | 5.43 ± 0.92 | <0.001*** |
| Body fat mass (kg) | 17.5 [12.7–21.8] | 20.4 ± 6.2 | 0.068 |
| Body fat percentage (%) | 27.4 ± 7.5 | 37.3 ± 7.9 | <0.001*** |
| GDF-15 (pg/mL) | 1361 [948–3395] | 1188 [703–1763] | 0.092 |
| Myostatin (pg/mL) | 544 ± 259 | 289 [247–389] | <0.001*** |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 163.8 [64.2–488.4] | 160.6 [70.7–350.9] | 0.991 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 0.15 [0.05–0.76] | 0.15 [0.03–0.67] | 0.287 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 55.4 ± 30.1 | 60.7 ± 22.9 | 0.280 |
| Alb (g/dL) | 3.9 [3.3–4.3] | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 0.169 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.4 ± 2.1 | 11.9 [10.5–13.2] | 0.273 |
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation, or, where indicated, median and interquartile range. *, p < 0.05, **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001. BMI, body mass index; MTH, muscle thickness; SMI, skeletal muscle mass index; GDF, growth differentiation factor; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide, hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; Alb, albumin; Hb, hemoglobin.