Table 3.
Multivariable analysis of trial characteristics associated with leadership outside Europe and North America among heart failure randomized controlled trials (n = 414)
| Clinical trial characteristics | OR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|
| Scope of trial | ||
| International | 1.00 (reference) | — |
| National | 1.49 (0.45–4.92) | 0.51 |
| Funding type | ||
| Public | 1.00 (reference) | — |
| Industry | 0.33 (0.15–0.75) | 0.008 |
| Intervention type | ||
| Other (health service, exercise) | 1.00 (reference) | — |
| Surgery and device | 0.26 (0.06–1.23) | 0.09 |
| Drug | 0.98 (0.46–2.09) | 0.96 |
| Size of trial | ||
| ≤500 participants | 1.00 (reference) | — |
| >500 participants | 0.30 (0.07–1.38) | 0.12 |
CI, confidence interval; OR; odds ratio.