Table 3.
Risk of bias assessment for included randomized controlled clinical trials.
| First author (publication year) | Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants and personnel | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective reporting | Other sources of bias | Overall quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kianbakht et al., 2011 | L | U | L | U | L | L | U | Poor |
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| Mansoori et al., 2011 | L | L | L | L | U | L | L | Good |
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| Mohamadpour et al., 2013 | U | U | L | L | L | U | L | Poor |
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| Mousavi et al., 2015 | L | U | U | U | L | L | U | Poor |
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| Milajerdi et al., 2017 | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | Good |
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| Sepahi et al., 2018 | L | L | L | L | L | H | L | Fair |
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| Ebrahimi et al., 2019 | L | U | L | L | H | L | U | Poor |
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| Moravej Aleali et al., 2019 | L | L | L | L | L | L | U | Good |
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| Karimi-Nazari et al., 2019 | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | Good |
L: low risk, H: high risk, U: unclear.