Fig. 1.
The characterization of TNT and TNT-CIN. a The FTIR result showed characteristic groups after each reaction step, indicating the successful synthesis of TNT-CIN. b Cumulative release curve of CIN showed that the acidic microenvironment enhanced the release rate of TNT-CIN in the first few hours. c The surface topography observed by SEM demonstrated that TNT-CIN retained the nanotube structure. d The roughness (Sa and Sq) did not significantly differ between TNT and TNT-CIN either. e The hydrophilicity of TNT-CIN was higher than that of TNT. **P < 0.01